TRANSACTIONS OF SECTION D. — DEPT. ANTHUOPOLOGY. 633 



three campaigns into the Hittite country, one of which passed beyond the main- 

 laud and into the adjacent island of t'vprus. The eflect of this contact with 

 Babylon was shown in an interesting fragment preserved by the Hebrew writer of 

 the book of Genesis which related to the purchase of the cave-sepidchre of Mach- 

 pelah by the Hebrew patriarch. Here we find that the Babylonian commercial 

 system, which was known certainly to Abraham, a native of Ur, was also known 

 to Ephron the Hittite. Beference was next made to the hieroglyphic inscriptions 

 recording the campaigns of Thothmes III., against the Butennu. The composition 

 of the southern confederation of tribes was explained, and their relationship to the 

 Hittites proper explained. The defeat of the Butennu or southern branch had 

 opened up the way for the enlargement of the Hittite power, and the result was 

 that in the time of Bameses II., the Greek Sesostris, we find most of the pre- 

 HeUenic nations of Asia Minor who were the allies of the Hittites flockuig to aid in 

 repelling the invader. 



Mr. Boscawen next proceeded to describe the ruins of the Hittite city of Carche- 

 mish, which he visited in the early part of the present year, and where he made 

 drawings and copies of the sculptures and inscriptions. After describing the prin- 

 cipal topographical features of the site, Mr. Boscawen proceeded to describe the 

 sculptures discovered. 



Basing his remarks on a sculpture representing the patron goddess of Carchemish, 

 the Hittite Anatha or Anat — the Asiatic goddess, Mr. Boscawen proceeded to show 

 how the introduction of the cidt of this goddess in Asia Minor was due to the 

 Hittites, who were shown by the moniuuents to have possessed all the principal 

 characteristics of this pre-HeUenic cult as established at Ephesus. 



Mr. Boscawen next showed how that the pecidiar hierarchy of the Ephesian 

 Artemis, with its high priest, ' the king bee,' and its priestesses, ' the bees,' was of 

 Hittite origin. By means of this and the monuments, Mr, Boscawen showed the 

 close relationship between the Hittites and the AssjTians, Teucrians, Dardanians, and 

 other races of Asia Minor, and traced, by various moniunents, the route by which 

 the Hittites penetrated to the ^Egean Sea. 



A description was given of the other Hittite monuments from Carchemish, and 

 also from Boghaz, Keui, and Eyuk, in Galatia. 



The paper concluded with a description of the Hittite hieroglyphic syllabary, 

 and special reference was made to a bilingual text which had recently been dis- 

 covered. 



fi. On the Discovery of a Bi-lingnal Seal in Cuneiform and Khita. By 



Hyde Clarke, V.P.A.I. 



The author communicated the determination and discovery of the interpretation 

 and language of the Khita (Hamath, Hittite, or Carchemish)" inscriptions : — 



Dr. Mordtmann found a bi-lingual seal, with the name of King Tarkondimotoa 

 in Cuneiform, and Professor Sayce has discovered that the other character is Khita. 

 On this I have sent some observations. 



Finding an impresion of the seal was in the British Museum, on Saturday, 28th 

 August, I saw it there in company with Dr. Birch and Mr. Pinches, and I had 

 already prepared a sketch which should give me, 1st, a form for king ; 2nd, for head ; 

 SihI, for children. 



The seal is most beautifully engraved, but the forms are conventional, and there- 

 fore only to be defined by comparison with other types. 



I found a head in character 2, and the two lines for son in character 3. 



The head is that of an animal, and the first character is that of an animal. 

 "What specific animals these are I cannot yet absolutely determine for want of 

 material. [They appear to be those of the Bull, which signifies Tura, and Lion 

 which signifies Kun, which are found on the gold coins of Sardis in Lydia, and 

 which are the gold pieces referred to in Ezra and Nehemiah as Adarkon and 

 Darkomonim.] 



