580 keport — 1878. 



The animal remains as determined by Professor A. Leith Adams, F.R.S., were- 

 found to contain those of man, horse, ox, dog or wolf, fox, deer, and hog. 



Flint factories are also found at Lame and other places round the coast. Some- 

 are also found inland at a distance from the places where a supply of flint could he 

 obtained. In one of these inland places on the banks of the Bann, near Portglenone r 

 several flint implements were found approaching the form known as palaeolithic — 

 all having a thick base for holding in the hand and a cutting point — and it was 

 thought strange that these, like the palseoiithic implements of large sizeas men- 

 tioned in Evan's " Stone Implements," should be found mainly in connection with 



rivers. 



Our best authorities believe that all the stone implements found in Ireland 

 are of Neolithic age. It is not known that any extinct animal, such as the mam- 

 moth and Irish Elk, has been found asssociated with flint implements in Ireland, 

 but the implements from the Bann were found in the diatomaceous deposit below 

 the peat where remains of Irish Elk are usually found, and well-marked flakes have 

 been found at considerable depths from the surface in the raised beach at Larne, and 

 there is at present in possession of the Rev. Dr. Grainger, M.R.I. A., of Broughshane, 

 County Antrim, a mammoth's tooth found near Lame.* These facts, it was thought, 

 were sufficient at least to create a suspicion in our minds that some of the Irish stone 

 implements might be found to be older than the Neolithic age. 



3. The Prehistoric Sculptures of Ilkley, Yorkshire. By J. Romilly Allen. 



Ireland is a country rich in sculptures of the prehistoric period, and it is most 

 important to science that the comparative method should be applied to this branch 

 of research. The object in bringing the subject before the British Association at 

 Dublin is to enable the Yorkshire examples here described to be compared with 

 those found in Ireland. The particular type of .sculpture dealt with in the follow- 

 ing paper is known as " cup-ancWing marking." Sculptures of this description 

 were discovered in the North of England in 1825, and subsequently in Scotland, 

 Ireland, Brittany, and Wales. The most valuable addition to the information already 

 collected was made in 1877 by Mr. Rivett-Carnac, who found cup-and-ring marks, 

 identical with the ones of this country, amongst the Kamaon Hills in India. The 

 meanin"- of the symbols is fully understood by the natives, and is supposed to have 

 reference to " Ianaam" worship. Cup-and-ring marks in Great Britain are in- 

 timately connected with the burial rites, and therefore probably with the religious 

 ceremonies of the ancient inhabitants of this country, since the symbols are fre- 

 quently found carved on the stones of sepulchral circles and chambers, and on the 

 cover stones of cinerary urns. A full investigation of the subject may be the 

 means of throwing great light on the nature of the religion which preceded Chris- 

 tianity in this country. Examples of prehistoric sculpture from different localities 

 should be carefully compared. The remnants of Paganism incorporated in the 

 superstitions of remote districts and found mixed with the ceremonies of the 

 Christian church should be critically examined. The most successful method of 

 conducting such researches is to work steadily backward from the historic period 

 to the prehistoric, tracing the gradual course of development to its source. 



The remainder of the paper is devoted to a description of the magnificent srroup 

 of cup-and-ring sculptures found on rocks in the neighbourhood of Ilkley, in York- 

 shire. 



4. Report of the Earth-works Committee ; being an account of Excavations in 



Ccesar's Camp, Folkestone. — Major-General Lane Fox, F.R.S., regrets 

 that it has not been possible to complete this report in time for the 

 present volume. 



5 On Excavations at Mount Caburn, Leives, Sussex. 

 By Major-General Lane Fox, F.R.S. 



* See Dr. Grainger's paper, Transactions of Sections, 1874. p. 73. 



