BIRDS OF TENASSERIM. 57 



that the wings of the adult males in this species vary from 

 7*4 to 76 ; also that the white of the tips of the lateral tail 

 feathers usually extends to the very end of the feathers. 



Typical jotaka, we are informed, has in the male the wing 

 8" 8, and the white in the lateral tail feathers occurs as a broad 

 penultimate baud, distant from half to a quarter of an inch from 

 the end. of the tail. 



In the so-called jotaka from Tenasserim, the Karen Hills, the 

 Khasia Hills, Assam, Sikhim, Gurhwal, Kotegurh, and right 

 away to Hazara in Abbottabad, the wings in the males vary 

 from 8 to 8 - 6, and average about 8 - 3, and the white occurs in 

 a penultimate band ; in some cases no doubt more than half an 

 inch distant from the tip of the tail, in other cases less than a 

 quarter of an inch, and in one specimen before me less than 

 one-tenth of an inch. 



Taken as a body, the males of the so-called jotaka are, I think, 

 more silvery than the generality of the plains indicus, in 

 fact resembling in tint the typical Nilgheri and Ceylon kelaarrti ; 

 but there are plains indicus with wings only 7'6, and with the 

 white separated from the tip of the tail by a dark band, 

 inseparable from Hazara males with the wing 8, which again 

 are inseparable from Sikhim and Tenasserim males, with the 

 wings 86. 



The breadth of the bars of the flanks and lower tail-coverts 

 is also a character, by which, as a body, the so-cailledjotaka might 

 possibly be distinguished; but this even does not hold absolutely 

 good, and will not suffice to separate the birds from indicus, and 

 the same may be said of the wing-lining, which in most of the 

 Himalayan and ~Bavmese jotaka is a brighter rufescent fulvous, 

 less barred and marked with dusky than in the majority of the 

 plains indicus. After examining carefully a large series of both 

 these forms, I can discover no absolute diagnosis beyond that of 

 size. It remains to be seen whether the birds identified as 

 jotaka from Burma, &c, are really, as my one specimen leads me 

 to infer, identical with the Japanese birds. In no Indian or 

 Burmese specimen that I have seen has the wing come quite up 

 to Professor SchlegePs dimensions of 8 - 8. The largest specimen 

 that I have met with has the wing 8'6, while of my Japanese spe- 

 cimen the wing is only 835, but then the first three primaries 

 are not fully developed. 



109. — Caprimulgus albonotatus, Tick. 



This species is said (B. of B., p. 83) to have been procured at 

 Tonghoo by W. Ramsay. It is very probable that some of 

 the specimens I have entered as macrourus, would be identified 

 by others as albonotatus. 



8 



