BIRDS OF TENASSEMM. 129 



XXVII., pi. 10, from Javau specimens, and there is also, I think, 

 no reason to doubt, judging- from the great variations obser- 

 vable in specimens of sordidus, that the specimens he figures at 

 pi. 9 from Java under the name of concretus are identical 

 with hartlaubi and with the true conoretm of the PI. Col. No. 90. 



In fact these three figures represent the progress of the male 

 from the early to the old adult stage. Fig. 2 of PI. XLL, 

 Malherbe's Mon. Picidce, shows the quite young bird, of which 

 I have a specimen now before me, only somewhat younger ; in 

 that the whole of the feathers of the breast and abdomen are 

 broadly fringed with ruddy isabelline. 



Assuming for the moment the distinctness of concretus vel 

 hartlaubi, from sordidus vel brookeanus, I think the occurrence 

 of the former elsewhere than in Java rests on very fair authority. 



Temminck, in the Texte of the Planches Col. 90, remarks that 

 males from Sumatra have "the forehead and the ivhole of the 

 feathers of the crest a bright vermilion." This can only apply 

 to the form known as hartlaubi; it does not apply to any of the 

 stages usually accepted as pertaining to sordidus. 



Malherbe gives this species from Borneo. Count Salvadori 

 mentions specimens in the Milan Museum recorded from Borneo : 

 Mr. Gould distinctly says that he has a skin of the same species 

 from Malacca. 



We have a specimen shot on the 14th November at Nealys, 

 31 miles from Malacca, in which only just the under feathers 

 of the crest at the base of the occiput are grey brown, or greyish 

 olive — the whole visible portion of crown and crest being crimson, 

 so that it hartlaubi, as at present usually defined, is, as there seems 

 no doubt, identical with concretus, we must I think accept a 

 wider habitat for it than Java. 



The Marquis of Tweeddale gives the following stages of 

 plumage of head, for male, of what he considers sordidus: — 



Crown deep crimson ; post occipital crest plumes dark greyish 

 olive. 



Crown and all crest plumes dingy reddish buff or yellowish 

 red. 



Crown almost all pure crimson ; post occipital plumes chang- 

 ing from reddish tawny to olive grey. 



Crown ruddy buff ; elongated occipital crest feathers flame red 

 with yellowish buff shaft line and tip. 



Crown mixed bright crimson and pale ruddy buff; post occipi- 

 tal plumes dark greyish olive. 



To which we may add — 



Crown and crest crimson ; basal occipital feathers concealed by 

 upper more elongated ones, greyish olive. 



Crown and crest mixed crimson and reddish tawny ; occipital 

 feathers, concealed by upper more elongated ones, greyish olive. 



17 



