BIRDS OF TENASSEMM. 215 



On the other band the specimens that I recognize as belong- 

 ing to cineracea are unmistakably distinct, and would be picked 

 out by a novice without a moment's hesitation. 



I find no intermediate forms between these and pyrrhops. Bu~ 

 changa longicaudata of Southern India grades by absolutely 

 insensible degrees into pyrrhops, but pyrrhops does not grade 

 into leucophcea, or as Mr. Sharpe calls it, cineracea. 



This being understood, there is no objection to retaining pyrr- 

 hops as a sub-species, but it should, I think, be placed under longi- 

 caudata, and not under cineracea. 



I note that in my opinion intermedia of Blyth is identical 

 with pyrrhops, rather than with cineracea ; and I also remark 

 that long and short-winged birds of the pyrrhops type co-exist 

 everywhere, and that it is impossible in this sub-species to make 

 any second division founded on dimensions. 



Cineracea comes up, absolutely unchanged, from the extreme 

 south of the Malayan Peninsula, keeping however to the hills or 

 near to their bases, to the extreme northern extremity of Tenas- 

 serim at Kollidoo. I have seen no specimens of this as yet 

 from Pegu, Arracan, or Eastern Bengal. 



The most typical examples of pyrrhops that I have seen have 

 been from the Sikim Terai, Bootan Doars, Dacca, and Lower 

 Pegu ; but the form exists as a recognizable race throughout 

 Eastern Bengal, the whole of British Burma, and the greater 

 portion, I believe, of the western part at any rate of the Malay 

 Peninsula ; and wherever it occurs, both large and small speci- 

 mens are found, and along with these occur typical longicau- 

 data, and numerous forms, more or less intermediate between 

 longicaudata and pyrrhops. 



In Southern India only typical longicaudata as a rule occurs, 

 though I have one specimen from Travancore with a great deal 

 of grey on the sides of the tail feathers, and with a somewhat 

 paler tone of plumage ; but in Upper India, and especially in the 

 Himalayas, distinctly intermediate forms occur; and it was to 

 one of these, according to the type in Col. Ty tier's Museum, that 

 the late Capt. Beavan applied the name of waldeni. 



I may add that it was to another of these intermediate forms 

 that Tytler applied his name of himalayensis, which is therefore 

 a synonym of longicaudata or pyrrhops (though the type, which 

 I have, is nearer the former) but under no circumstances of 

 atra (or albirictus) as Mr. Sharpe makes it, Cat. III., p. 246. 



I have never seen specimens of the Javan form, to which 

 the name leucophcea, of Vieillot, applies, nor can 1 discover 

 where Mr. Sharpe assigns this name in his Catalogue. 



Lord Walden, loc. cit. sup., seems to considerit as only differing 

 in size from pyrrhops, in which case this name would have prece- 

 dence both of pyrrhops, and if I am correct in uniting intermedia 



