252 BIRDS OF TENASSER1M. 



in habits, &c.) which they utter while feeding". They feed on 

 insects, grubs, seeds and berries. During- the day they usually 

 remain quiet in some shady tree, moving about and feeding as 

 a l'ule only in the mornings and evenings. I do not know 

 exactly when they arrive, but they all leave before the end of 

 March.— W. D.] 



The following are dimensions, &c., recorded in the flesh : — 

 Males. — Length, 9'0 to 9'62 ; expanse, 150 to 15-5 ; tail from 

 vent, 3-4 to 4*1 ; wing, 5'0 to 5 - 45 ; tarsus, 11 to l - 3; bill from 

 gape, 0-95 to 1-12 ; weight, 2-25 to 275 ozs. 



Females. — Length, 882 to 9'5 ; expanse, 14 to 155 ; tail from 

 vent, 3'25 to 375 ; wing, 4'65 to 5-2 ; tarsus, 1-1 to 1*25; bill 

 from gape, 1'05 to 1*15 ; weight, 2 to 2*75 ozs. 



Legs and feet tawny or dull fleshy yellow, sometimes with a 

 greenish tinge on the front of the tarsus; the claws greenish 

 horny ; irides dark brown ; edge of eyelids yellow ; upper 

 mandible and tip of lower mandible, black or blackish horny ; 

 rest of lower rmindible, gape and edge of upper mandible to 

 nostrils, yellow. 



1 do not know whether the differences in the sexes of this 

 species have been previously pointed out. 



The male has the lores velvet black, the chin pure white, and 

 the whole of the rest of the front and sides of the throat and 

 neck unbroken ashy. The female has the lores brown, the whole 

 of the chin and a very broad stripe down the middle of the 

 throat and front of the neck white, more or less speckled with 

 brown on the upper part, and more or less tinged with pale 

 brown or pale ashy on the lower parts, and with a more or less 

 distinct white stripe from the base of the lower mandible, run- 

 ning down under the ear-coverts. The sides of the head and 

 nape are also much greyer in the adult male than in the female. 

 Immature males resemble the females, but have the throat 

 more ashy, and, as a rule, almost entirely want the white stripe 

 from the base of the lower mandible. I do not know what the 

 quite young birds are like, as we have never procured any such. 

 The fully adult male has the lores velvet black, and a 

 greyish white stripe beginning over the lores, extending over 

 the eye and over a portion of the ear-coverts. Feathers 

 immediately below the orbit and behind the eye dusky black- 

 ish ; chin and the feathers just at the base of the lower mandible 

 pure white ; the rest of the throat, sides of the head, front and 

 sides of the neck, clear pale ashy. The upper part of the throat 

 and sides of the face obscurely streaked ashy ; the top of the 

 head and back of the neck olive brown, much mingled with grey 

 on the occiput and nape ; the entire mantle and rump, a 

 rich warm olive brown; tail-coverts less olivaceous, but 

 margined with the same color as the rump • the wings, hair 



