BIRDS OF TENASSERIM. 453 



[I have always found this species about gardens, or in the 

 immediate vicinity of cultivation, but it is very rare, being only 

 occasionally met with, and always singly or in pairs. It i& 

 hard to flush, and like the last only flies a short distance be- 

 fore alighting, but it runs a considerable distance before 

 halting and then lies very close. It feeds like the others in the 

 mornings and evenings, lying hid during the heat of the day. 

 On cloudy or rainy days, it moves about all day, as does also 

 the preceding species. I do not know the call of either of 

 these species. — W. D.] 



The following are the dimensions and colors of the soft parts 

 of a male and a female : — 



Male.— Length, 65 ; expanse, 12*0; tail from vent, 1-5; 

 wing, 3'62 ; tarsus, 1'0; bill from gape, 0*75 ; weight, 2'25 oz. 



Female. — Length, 7-0 ; expanse, 13-5; tail from vent, 1*5; 

 wing, 4*12 ; tarsus, 1-05; bill from gape, '75 ; weight, 2'75 oz. 



The male had the legs, feet, and claws chrome yellow ; upper 

 mandible dark horny brown : lower mandible pale brown ; hides, 

 . in three birds, white. 



The female had the legs, feet, and claws chrome yellow ;• lower 

 mandible, gape, and base of upper mandible chrome yellow ; 

 rest of bill reddish brown. 



Other specimens differ somewhat in dimensions, the wings of 

 males vary from 3-4 to nearly 3*7 ; and the wings of females 

 from 3-8 to 4-12. 



This species is a Burmese and Malayan representative of the 

 Indian joudera, from which it differs in its larger size and in 

 the absence of the very marked unbroken rufous collar on the 

 back and sides of the neck, which the female joudera always 

 assumes when perfectly adult. In joudera the wings vary from 

 3 in the smallest male to 3*5 in the largest female. 



As regards plumage, there is no very material difference be- 

 tween the two species ; at any rate, none that could be definitely 

 explained in a mere verbal description. 



In rnaculosus, the chin, throat, and middle of the abdomen 

 are white ; the entire breast rufous buff, most rufescent in the 

 middle of the breast, which is unmarked ; the sides of the 

 breast, with a more or less circular black spot near the tip of 

 each feather ; upper part of abdomen, sides of abdomen, sides 

 of the body much the same pale rufous buff as the sides of the 

 breast ; in some specimens these parts are spotless, in others 

 they exhibit a greater or smaller number of spots, similar to those 

 on the sides of the breast, but often more oval ; flanks and lower 

 tail-coverts a rather brighter rufescent buff ; feathers of the 

 vent mingled buffy white and dull white ; tibial plumes usually 

 brownish ; lores buffy white, often speckled with brown ; cheeks 



