216 RAVENEL—WARFARE AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS. [April 4, 
(3) A number of instances have been recorded in which the 
onset of tuberculosis followed the use of milk from tuberculous 
cows. In some of these the relation of cause and effect is so close 
that Nocard has well said ‘‘they have almost the value of an 
experiment.’’ 
(4) That food containing bovine tubercle bacilli may and does 
produce tuberculosis in man seems already proven by finding in the 
intestinal tract (mesenteric glands) of children who have died of 
tuberculosis tubercle bacilli which have all the characteristics of the 
bovine germ, and which have an intense degree of virulence for 
cattle. 
(5) The close relationship of the human and bovine’ tubercle 
bacilli has been shown by the recent experiments in immunization, 
in which it has been proven that injections of bacilli from human 
sources will protect animals against virulent bovine germs. This 
has been done by Trudeau, De Schweinitz, and Pearson and Gilli- 
land in this country, and by Behring and Thomassen in Europe. 
Wuat Has BEEN DONE IN THE UNITED STATES TOWARD THE 
SUPPRESSION OF TUBERCULOSIS. 
Three States and four cities require the reporting of cases of tuber- 
culosis ; in five States and five cities report is optional; in one city 
it is under litigation. 
Two States have general anti-spitting laws, while five States have 
local laws, and fourteen cities have their own laws. ‘Twenty-two 
States and seven cities issue circulars and recommendations. 
The United States Goverrment has two sanatoria for persons in 
its employ ; five States have five special institutions, and nine States 
have projected sanatoria. Two States have tent colonies on a small 
scale. Only three cities have special municipal hospitals for con- 
sumptives. There are forty-two private institutions in eleven States, 
some supported by private charity, some partially self-supporting, 
and some for pay patients only. 
Twenty States and twelve cities have laws regarding bovine tuber- 
culosis. Twenty States have done nothing in regard to human or 
bovine tuberculosis; six States have done something to combat 
tuberculosis in man only, and eight States have done something 
against bovine tuberculosis alone." 
1 These figures have been taken almost entirely from the valuable paper of 
Dr. S. A. Knopf, read before the American Medical Association at Saratoga, 
June, I902. Since then considerable advance has been made. . 
