388 ASHMEAD—HUACOS POTTERIES OF OLD PERU. [Nov. 20, 
Muniz, of the same city of Peru, have studied the subject of these 
potteries, so far as they relate to leprosy. Dr. Patron says, ‘* Lep- 
rosy has remained an unknown thing to the native born of Peru, as 
is evidenced by the lack of a word for leprosy in the Kechuan 
and Aymaran languages.’’ When leprosy appeared with the invad- 
ing Spaniards and negroes, a phrase became necessary to be added 
to the language. Bertolini, in his dictionary of Aymara, gives for 
leprosy the word ‘‘ Caracha,’’ which means ‘‘itch.’’ And Gonzales 
Holguin, in his book on the Ketchua language, defines ‘‘ Liutlasca 
Caracha’”’ as ‘‘itch.”’ 
Dr. Muniz wrote me that ‘the first introduction of African 
negroes into Peru was in 1536.” ‘‘ The first negro was with the 
thirteen of the Isle of the Cock before the conquest of Peru. There 
were maroon negroes in Peru in that same year. The king granted 
to Pizarro the privilege of importing negroes.” These Spaniards 
and negroes introduced leprosy to Peru. Dr. Patron thinks that 
the diseases which can produce mutilations like those seen on the 
pottery are syphilis, boils, verruga-Peruana, or Peruvian warts, a 
disease with fever and peculiar to Peru (this is described by 
Odriozala, Paris, 1898, as Maladie de Carrion, for Dr. Carrion, a 
pupil who died from self-inoculation of it to determine its specific 
characters), and ‘‘ Uta’’ (lupus). The word ‘‘ Uta’’ means ‘‘ to 
eat away,’’ and would naturally be applied to a disease which 
destroys the tissues. ‘The disease is called variously in different 
localities: Gallico (‘‘ French Disease’’=the Spanish name of 
syphilis when it first appeared in Spain) ; llaga, Ilianya, Tiac— 
Arafia and Qquespo. All the best authorities attribute this disease 
to the sting of insects, or by deposition of their eggs beneath the 
skin. Insects are especially attracted to the mouths and noses of 
sleeping persons, and those parts especially would be most liable to 
be inoculated by such a disease as lupus, which has for its germ the 
tubercle-bacillus of Koch, for aviary tuberculosis in Peru existed 
long before human tuberculosis was known. The Indians 
of the Peruvian Sierras are extraordinarily susceptible to lung 
tuberculosis directly they are transferred to the coasts, while in 
altitudinal Andes this phase of this pre-Columbian disease does not 
appear. Dr. Patron’s great remedy to-day for Peruvian lupus is 
cauterization with the Paquelin battery. In other words, all 
authorities agree on the cure of it by no other means than the 
knife or by burning it out. 
