090 ASHMEAD—HUACOS POTTERIES OF OLD PERU. [Nov. 20, 
Carrasquilla, of Colombia, South America, had thought. That it 
is a disease representation is shown by the toes of the clay figure 
being elevated from the ground, as if the sole of the foot was 
greatly swollen. This Pachacamac foot-pot was dug up from a 
grave twelve feet deep; not a bead nora piece of glass or copper was 
ever found in that pre-Columbian burial-ground. This is an indica- 
tion of pre-Columbianism. Moreover, this pot, which I reproduce 
here, shows the bone protruding and the flesh cut away, just as 
would appear on a foot that had been amputated, for the flesh flaps 
must be thus provided to cover the stump of the leg. Mr. Bande- 
lier wrote me as follows of this peculiarity of the figure: ‘‘I think 
that the figures represented without feet ought to be considered as 
amputated, so that they have nothing to do with the question of 
leprosy or syphilis.’’ 
Certainly a people that could trephine a skull as admirably as 
these same Incas, as is shown by one photographic specimen sent 
me from Peru (which I here reproduce for purpose of illustration), 
could just as well amputate with the stone knife a foot properly (see 
«Pre-Columbian Surgery,’’ Ashmead, Univ. Med. Mag., 1896). 
Wi 4 , 
Figure 8, Trepanation of the Incan Epoch (Squier’s skull), 
This Fig. 8 shows a trepanation of the Incan epoch: A cranium 
of Yucay. Nelaton and Broca determined that it belonged to the 
