282 
cr., crotchets of the fully developed abdominal legs ; s., the pair of 
short clavate setee on the rudimentary legs of the second abdominal 
segment. It thus appears that these legs are as well developed in 
the freshly hatched larvee as in the last stage of larval life. 
Their general appearance in the final stage is seen in Fig. 7c, 
which represents the larva enlarged twice as seen from beneath ; at 
g isa normal leg, with the narrow elliptical oval circle of crotchets 
on the inner and hinder side ; g', one of the rudimentary legs with- 
out crotchets; @, represents an enlarged view of the head entirely 
covered above, with the three abdominal segments, and the first, 
second and third abdominal segments, with the rudimentary leg 
of the second segment, and the normal legs of the third somite. 
The occurrence of temporary abdominal legs in 
the embryos of insects in general is now well known 
to students of embryology. Kowalevsky was the 
first to figure what seemed to be such temporary ap- 
pendages, in the embryo of Sphinx, though he does 
not refer to these structures in the text of his work. 
(Fig. 8, which is copied from his work). In subse- 
quent researches by Hatschek on the embryology of 
Porthesia chrysorrhea, they are neither mentioned 
in the text nor figured. Tichomiroff, in his work on 
the development of Bombyx mori, appears, however, 
to have substantiated the truth of Kowalevsky’s 
figures. 
Tichomiroff represents in Fig. 26, p. 41, of his 
work the primitive band of Bombyx mori, with the 
temporary abdominal knob-like appendages devel- 
Fig. 8.—Primi- 
tive band or germ 
of a Sphinx moth, 
with the segments 
indicated, and 
oped on abdominal segments 2 to 10; they are in a 
situation homologous with that of the anterior ap- 
pendages, one on each side of the median line, and 
their rudiment- 
ary appendages. 
¢, upper lip; at, 
antenne; md, 
mandibles; ma, 
mx’, first and see- 
ond maxillee ; 1, U, 
1’, legs; al, abdo- 
minal legs. 
within the rudiments of the stigmata of the same 
segments. Besides they are represented as developed 
on the ninth and tenth segments, where there are no 
traces of the stigmata. Owing in part to the rather 
poor impression of the colored print of the wood. 
cut, which is inserted in the text, these delicate rudiments are 
faintly and obscurely printed. In Fig. 27, representing a more 
advanced stage, it should be observed that the author omitted 
to letter them; these rudimentary structures appeared to be sull 
