A Synopsis of Plant Phyla 29 



Family 81. Parmeliaceae. Foliose lichens with Protococcus 

 gonidia ; apothecia scutellaeform, margined, sunken. Pannelia. 

 {Ft I, I*,—.) 



Family 82. Usneaceae. Fruticose lichens, often long and much 

 branched, with Protococcus gonidia; apothecia terminal or mar- 

 ginal, scutellaeform, often large. Usnea, Ratnalina. (Pf. I, i*, 



-•) 



Family 83. Theloschistaceae. Foliose to fruticose lichens with 



Protococcus gonidia; apothecia at first sunken, later erumpent, 



spores colorless. Theloschistcs. (Pf. I, 1*, — .) 



Family 84. Caloplacaceae. Crustaceous lichens with Proto- 

 coccus gonidia ; apothecia at first sunken, later erumpent, spores 

 colorless. Caloplaca. (Pf. I, !'•'■, — .) 



Family 85. Physciaceae. Foliose or fruticose lichens with Pro- 

 tococcus gonidia; apothecia at first sunken, later erumpent, spores 

 brown. Physcia. (Pf. I, i*, — .) 



Family 86. Buelliaceae. Crustaceous lichens with Protococcus 

 gonidia; apothecia at first sunken, later erumpent, spores brown. 

 Biiellia. (Pf. I, i*, — .) 



Order Helvellales. True fungi, saprophytic, with a branch- 

 ing filamentous mycelium ; apothecia open from the first, sessile 

 or more commonly stalked, often convex, fleshy or gelatinous. 



Family 87. Rhizinaceae. Apothecia fleshy, expanded, sessile 

 Rhisina. (Pf. I, i, 171.) 



Family 88. Geoglossaceae. Apothecia fleshy, capitate, stalked ; 

 asci opening by a slit. Mitrula, Geoglossum. (Pf. I, i, 163.) 



Family 89. Helvellaceae. Apothecia fleshy, capitate, stalked; 

 asci opening by a lid. Morchella, Vcrpa, HelvcUa. (Pf. I, i, 



167.) 



Order Hysteriales. True fungi, saprophytic or parasitic, with 

 a branching mycelium, often forming a stroma ; apothecia sessile, 

 or at first sunken and later erumpent, usually elongated, dark col- 

 ored, leathery or carbonaceous, with a narrow slit. 



Family 90. Hypodermataceae. Apothecia sunken, leathery, 

 round or elongated, black ; saprophytes. Hypnderma, Lophioder- 

 miiim. (Pf. I, I, 267.) 



303 



