A Synopsis of Plant Phyla 37 



antherids and archegones, and (2) the asexual (sporophyte), 

 which bears spores : gametophyte foliose, rooted, longer dived ; 

 sporophyte neither expanded nor rooted (supported by the gam- 

 etophyte) and shorter-lived. Typically land plants. 



Class 18. HEPATICAE. Liverworts. Mostly bilaterial, thai- 

 loid, creeping plants, usually with splitting spore-fruits, and hav- 

 ing elaters. 



Order Marchantiales. Spore-fruits indehiscent with or with- 

 out elaters ; plant thallose. 



Family i. Ricciaceae. Small, mostly radiate, thallose plants; 

 spore-fruits sessile in the upper surface of the gametophyte ; no 

 elaters. Riccia, Ricciocarpns. (Pf. I, 3, 8.) 



Family 2. Marchantiaceae. Branching, thallose plants; spore- 

 fruits mostly clustered, and generally in stalked heads, with ela- 

 ters. Grimmaldia, Conocephalns, Lnnnlaria, Marchantia. (Pf. 

 I, 3, 16.) 



Order Anthocerotales. Spore-fruits with a columella, de- 

 hiscent, two-valved, with elaters ; plant a thallus. 



Family 3. Anthocerotaceae. Small terrestrial plants with an 

 expanded thallus, and one or more slender spore-fruits. Noto- 

 thylas, Anthoceros. (Pf. I, 3, 135.) 



Order Jungermanniales. Spore-fruits stalked, four-valved, 

 with elaters ; plants mostly leafy-stemmed. 



Family 4. Metzgeriaceae. Apical cell of the thallus never pro- 

 ducing an archegone ; plants mostly thallose. M.et::gcria, Pellia, 

 Fossomhronia. (Pf. I, 3, 38.) 



Family 5. Jungermanniaceae. Apical cell of the thallus event- 

 ually producing an archegone ; plants with stems and leaves. 

 Lophosia, Plagiockila, Lophocolea, Baszania, Lepido.zia, Sca- 

 pania, Friillania. (Pf. I, 3, 61.) 



Class 19. MUSCI. Mosses. Leafy stems, mostly erect, with 

 spore-fruits usually opening by a lid, and having no elaters. 



Order Andreaeales. Small plants with leaves composed of 

 similar cells; spore-fruit on a pseudopodium, dehiscing by four 

 to six longitudinal slits. 



Family 6. Andreaeaceae. Rock-loving mosses of a single 

 genus, Andrcaca. (Pf. I, 3, 262.) 



3" 



