/.()()I,()(;i(AI. SOCIKTV HLI.I.KTIX 



INDIAN ELEPHANT, GUNDA. TKVING UUT A NKW INVENTION 



iss his corral attached by a chain to the cable that extends from his -itall tci 



sround near the center of the yard. 



tiired animal, his small size causes Alice to 

 treat him as a tender infant. Owing to a bad 

 case of rheumatism Congo recently was re- 

 moved to a temporary hosj)ital huilding. For 

 several years lie had occupied the stall with 

 Alice. Wlien he was taken out. Alice stren- 

 uously objected, and for a few hours was in- 

 clined to resent any intrusion from the keepers. 

 During part of that day our men were warned 

 by the gleam of her eyes to keep away from 

 her. She restlessly paced the stall, trumpeted 

 frequently and was distinctly grieved for some 

 days. 



Congo's individualism is manifest in utter 

 stubbornness. When taken for a walk he lias a 

 decided inclination to stop and make leisurely 

 inspections on the way. Nothing can budge him 

 until he decides to go, and if he imagines there 

 is a possibility of force being used by the kee))- 

 ers. he seeks a soft spot, practically stands 

 u))on his head and drives his long tusks into the 

 ground, as an anchor, against further disturb- 

 ances. He never h.is been savage or destruc- 

 tive. 



Sultana, the female of the \ii\ir of Sudan ele- 

 phants, is the most docile member of the collec- 

 tion. Her idiosvncrasv is indicated in an nnf.-iil- 



ing interest in labels. No label, unless of boiler 

 iron, can withstand her curious and rough in- 

 vestig.ition. An elaborate board label, hanging 

 temporarily near Sultana's stall, finally was se- 

 cured b_v this elephant after she had stood upon 

 her hind feet, and made heroic efforts to reach 

 the |)rize. This board had involved much work 

 on the part of our label painter, and we were 

 surprised and grieved to find that Sultana had 

 for a time paraded about with it in her mouth, 

 and ended her diversion b\ endeavoring to 

 stand with all four feet upon it. The label was 

 then beyond recognition to all but its makers. 

 .\11 present labels within reach of Sultana are 

 of heavy plate iron, rigidly bolted to the cage- 

 work. .Sultana is constantly engaged in investi- 

 gating the security of these fastenings, and 

 constantly liojies to uiiiierinine them. 



The male Sudan elei)ha!it which arrived 

 with Sultana seven years ago is the most mis- 

 chievous ));ichyderm in the building. Kartoum 

 was cajjtured on the Blue Nile in 1906, and we 

 h.-ixe estimated that he is about eleven years 

 old. \\'hen he .irrived .it the Park in ,Iune 1907, 

 he was .1 mere infant, four feet nine inches in 

 height, and weighed 123.5 pounds. He is now 



