SPORT AND SCIENCE ON THE 



River, marking out the course of the Fen Ho in 

 Shansi. There seems to be no special reason 

 why there should not be a second series of faults 

 down the course of the Yellow River. As a 

 matter of fact, wherever I have crossed the latter 

 from Shansi into Shensi, I have noticed that the 

 mountains on the Shansi side are higher and more 

 precipitous than those on the Shensi side, while 

 the strata on either side do not correspond at all 

 well. 



Near the head of the Yen-shui valley red sand- 

 stone replaces the grey or yellow. Here the loess 

 mantle is very much thicker than elsewhere. At 

 Ching-pien Hsien no outcrop of sandstone is 

 visible, as the course of the stream cuts deeply 

 through hardened sand and dark sun-baked mud- 

 stone. 



Continuing into the desert we encountered 

 nothing but sand, alternating with stretches of 

 pale blue-grey clay, in which were lagoons and 

 small lakes. As we travelled north-eastward 

 from here, along the border, we again encountered 

 the red sandstone lying beneath the enormous 

 deposits of sand, or in places sand and clay mixed. 

 Near Yii-lin Fu this gave place to yellow-grey 

 sandstone once more, which continued till we 

 again neared the Shansi border, when the shales, 

 typical of the Shansi series, once more presented 

 themselves, underlying the sandstone. Again at 

 Pao-te Chou the difference in levels of the strata 



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