SPORT AND SCIENCE ON THE 



of a brown or brick-red colour, and other volcanic 

 rock in great confusion. Specimens of serpentine 

 and metamorphosed felspathic rocks were also 

 obtained. To the north-west, basalt is exposed 

 in the deep cutting of the stream bed, which ends 

 in the Han-nor-pa pass. Further up this valley 

 extensive beds of volcanic ash occur, which at 

 first sight might be mistaken for the sedimentary- 

 rocks of the Shansi formations. The deposits 

 are of a bright red colour, and in places assume 

 the form of conglomerates, with large well- 

 rounded boulders. This suggests that these beds 

 were laid under water. Nearer the pass, these 

 deposits are much lighter in colour, being pink 

 or buff and light blue-grey. In places the original 

 substance has degenerated into soft clay, while, 

 wherever the strata assume the form of con- 

 glomerate, the fragments of harder rock are rough- 

 edged and not rounded as they are nearer Kalgan. 

 Beyond these beds basalt occurs right up to and 

 beyond the Han-nor-pa pass. 



PART 5 



The Geology of the Ch'ing Ho and Hsi-wan- 

 tzxjt District, Northern Chihli 



Leaving Kalgan we travelled northward up the 

 valley of the P'an-chang Ho for about six miles. 

 The sides of this valley are steep and composed 

 entirely of outcrops of trachyte of a mauve grey 



270 



