192 UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO STUDIES 



are now requiring tenement buildings to be more sanitary. Regula- 

 tions as to window space allotted to each room are being enforced, 

 and larger, lighter and cleaner hallways are required. It is reported, 

 however, that there are still many thousand bedrooms in New York 

 City alone without a window. Hence, there is much to be done 

 before conditions are even tolerable. 



Tuberculosis and Orphanage. — Just as a great many cases of 

 poverty may be ascribed to tuberculosis, so also may orphanage. It 

 is no uncommon thing to find in orphan asylums children who have 

 lost both parents through this disease. A study was made recently 

 by an investigator^ who examined a number of orphan asylums to 

 determine the proportion of children there of tuberculous parents. 

 He classes children as "tuberculous orphans" if one or both parents 

 had the disease or died from it. In three asylums there were 216 

 children; of these 95, or about 44 per cent, belonged to the "tuber- 

 culosis orphan" group. In some other asylums the number was 

 somewhat smaller, but it is certainly the case that a very large num- 

 ber of the inmates of orphans' homes are there because of the disease 

 in their parents. If the death rate from tuberculosis could be reduced 

 it would mean reduction of the number of orphans. Here again is 

 seen how the effects of this widespread disease influence institutions 

 which at first sight would be thought to have no interest in the sup- 

 pression of the "great white plague." 



Money Loss by Deaths from Tuberculosis.^ — The rearing of 

 children is expensive. Food, clothing, medical attention and edu- 

 cation all require the expenditure of money by the parents. If a 

 child dies before it is able to earn what all this costs there is a distinct 

 money loss to the parents and to the community. Children who die 

 at two years from miliary tuberculosis naturally do not entail so 

 great a loss as those who die at ten from abdominal tuberculosis or 



' Knowlton, Millard, "Tuberculosis a Cause of Orphanage," Journal of the Outdoor Life, Vol. VH 

 pp. 201-4, 1910. 



' This subject is fully considered by Professor Irving Fisher in'a thirty-two page article on "The Cost 

 of Tuberculosis in the United States, and Its Reduction" in Vol. Ill of the Transactions of the Sixth Inter- 

 national Congress on Tuberculosis. More accessible is his Report on National Vitality, Its Wastes and Con- 

 servation, being an extract from Report of National Conservation Commission (Senate Document No. 676, Vol. 

 UI, Sixtieth Congress, 2d ed.). This work, printed in pamphlet form, is distributed by the Committee of 

 OnelHundred on National Health, New Haven, Conn. 



