Etymologies. 3 



Italian dialects. It may be noted that Servius mentions 

 not only several Greek words which are not Attic but about 

 thirty words which are neither Latin nor Greek. These he 

 assigns to various languages and dialects as follows: Punic: 

 *Bal, A. 1, 729; caesa, A. 1,286; Carthago, A. 1, 366; Dido, A. 

 4, 36; 4, 335, and 4, 674; magar, A. 1, 421. Sabine: cupencum, 

 A. 12, 538; curis, A. 1, 292; dira. A. 3. 235; hernae, A. 7, 684; 

 hirpi, A. 11, 785; Loebasius, G. 1, 17; nar, A. 7, 517. Gallic: 

 Alpes, A. 4, 442; caesar, A. 11, 743; gaesa, A. 7, 664; gaesos, A. 

 8, 660; virga, A. 8, 660; volema, G. 2, 88. Etruscan: arimos, 

 A. 9, 712; Camillus, A. 11, 558; capys, A. 10, 145; Mantus, 

 A. 10, 198. Egyptian: Isis, A. 8, 696; eKYH^ A. 4, 577. 

 Macedonian: phalanx, A. 11, 92; sarissa, A. 7, 664. Doric: 

 'i2/>£'wv, A. 1, 535; Paean, A. 7, 769. Laconum lingua: tityrus, 

 Proem, ad Buc. Cretan: sniinthicem, A. 3, 108. Phrygian: 

 sminthos, A. 3, 108. Aeolic: <rto<j'i, A. 3, 445; 6, 12. Libyan: 

 A.m.n\on, A. 4, 196 . Assyrian: El, A. 1,642. Pers iVm .• gaza, 

 A. 1, 119; 1, 359. Oscan: Lucetius, A. 9, 567. Umbrian: 

 dira, A. 3, 235. Tyrian: sar, G. 2, 506. Illyrian: Varro, ^. 

 11, 743. Lingua Theotisca: cateia, A. 7, 741. 



IV. Servius distinctly forbids the derivation of Greek 

 words from Latin. On Aen. 11, 31 (Parrhasio), and G. 2, 4 

 ( Lenaeus ) he says ' nam Graecum nomen etymologiam Latinam 

 non recipit,' in each case rejecting the explanation of Donatus. 

 And yet we find him deriving castor, G. 1, 58, 'a castrando'; 

 pausia, G. 2, 86, 'a paviendo'; tus, G. 1, 57, 'a tundendo'. 



V. He lays down the important rule that a word should 

 agree in quantity with the word from which it is derived. 

 This principle is emphasized several times: Aen. 1, 498, 

 (Diana); A. 1, 535 (Orion); A. 1, 185 (totus); A. 1, 726 

 (lucerna); A. 2,557 (litus); A. 8, 51 (Pallanteum). On Aen. 

 1, 726, e. g., he says: "a lychno autem lucerna dicta est, unde 

 et brevis est 'lu' . . . , si enim a luce diceretur, non staret 

 versus." On Aen. 2, 557 he rejects the derivation of 'litus' 

 (from 'litare', or from 'lituus') offered by Donatus — the same 

 Donatus to whom he says 'latebat', A. 3, 636, suggested 'late 

 patebat', and 'exilio', A. 2, 798, seemed a metrical equivalent 

 for 'ex Ilio'. M. Thomas remarks, £"88^ sur Servius, j)- 224, 



