DESCRIPTIONS OF INVERTEBRATE FOSSILS FROH THE 



COHANCHE SERIES IN TEXAS, KANSAS AND 



INDIAN TERRITORY. 



BY P. W. CRAGIN. 



The material described in this paper has been derived 

 chiefly from the Arietina beds of northern Texas, a small part 

 of it coming from rocks of lower horizons and elsewhere, as 

 noted under the '•Occurrence" of the species. The specimens 

 have been collected by the writer, except as otherwise stated 

 below. 



The types of the Kansas specimens are in the paleonto- 

 logical collections of the museum of Colorado College; those 

 of the others, in the private collection of the writer. 



The designation. Kiotrci sJudes. is proposed for the in- 

 feriorly dark-colored and superiorly light-colored shales that 

 outcrop in several of the counties of southwestern Kansas, 

 resting upon the Cheyenne sandstone in their eastern, and 

 upon the "Red-beds" in their middle and western exposures, 

 and being overlaid by brown sandstones of middle Cretaceous 

 age, or Tertiary or Pleistocene deiwsits, according to locality. 



The Kiowa shales are a locally modified northern exten- 

 sion of part of Hill's Comanche series, cut off from the main 

 part by erosion. They are named from the place of their 

 typical occurrence, Kiowa county, Kansas; and in that county 

 they outcrop only in those southern townships which once 

 formed the northern part of Comanche comity. The fossils 

 of these shales are chiefly those which, in Texas, are most 

 common in the Fredericksburg division; but a few of them 

 are such as are most characteristic of the Bosque division, 

 and a few others are such as either culminate in or are 

 peculiar to rocks of the Denison beds. 



For explanation of the terms, Choctaw limestone, and 

 Grayson marl, see the preceding article. 



