4 COLORADO COLLEGE STUDIES. 



the Cimarron series, i,ioo to 1,250; in the FHnt Hills di- 

 vision, 400, based on 130 for the Neosho and 265 for the 

 Chase, as given by Prosser; in the Sumner division, 550 to 

 800, of which the Geuda measures occupy 300 to 400 and 

 the Wellington shales, 250 to 450; in the Salt Fork divis- 

 ion, 900 to 1,000; and in the Kiger division, about 250. 



For rocks near the base of the Permian as here rec- 

 ognized. Prof. Broadhead records a southwesterly dip of 

 over 26 feet to the mile in the vicinity of the Elk-Cowley 

 county line;* and Prof. Wooster gives 20 feet per mile 

 as the westerly dip in the vicinity of the Greenwood-Butler 

 county line.f If the limestones pierced in the first few 

 hundred feet below the rock-salt at Caldwell and Anthony 

 belong, as supposed, to the Flint Hills division, it would 

 seem that the westward element of dip in the lower part of 

 the Kansas Permian continues with little change at least so 

 far west as Anthony, where the summit of these limestones 

 passes below sea-level. The summit of the limestones of 

 this division, on the Walnut creek bluffs, east of Arkansas 

 City, is a little more than 1,100 feet above sea-level; that 

 of the infra-salt-measure limestones at Anthony is 37 feet 

 below sea-level. Calling the difference of elevation of these 

 points 1,140 feet and their distance apart 56 miles, the west 

 element of dip of the summit-limestone of the Flint Hills 

 division for this distance averages about 20 feet per mile, 

 agreeing remarkably with the westing of dip observed by 

 ]5roadhead and Wooster in basal rocks of this division fur- 

 ther eastward. 



While the dip of the lorver Permian rocks of southern 

 Kansas is south of west, that of the upper Permian, as 



*G. C. Broadhead, in Transac. St. Louis Acad. Sci., Vol, IV, Part 

 3, p. 488. 



tL. C. Wooster, in American Geologist, July, 1890. In his ar- 

 ticle, "The Permo-CarboniferouB of Greenwood and Butler Counties, 

 Kansas," he refers to the dip as "west" in his diagrammatic section, 

 and as "west hy south" in his text. It is inferred from this that the 

 dip determined by him was in a direction nearly west, but a little south 

 of a true west line. 



