TlIK PP:UMIAN system in KANSAS. 19 



oning, and constituting an excellent dimension-stone. As 

 this Stone first became well known as a building-material 

 from its use at Harper, and as the outcrops of the forma- 

 tion which includes it occupy a large portion of Harper 

 county, the name, Harper, seems doubly appropriate for 

 the formation. The term, Harper beds, may be found more 

 convenient, in some cases, in referring to the formation, 

 than that of Harper sandstones. 



As one travels westward from Wellington, the red 

 shales and sandstones of the Harper outcrop are first met 

 with near Milan. They occur thence westward to the 

 vicinity of Sharon; but in their western extent are seen 

 only in the lower parts of the country. They occur on 

 middle regions of the two Ninnescahs and of the Chikaskia 

 river.- On IMuff creek the sandstone has been largely 

 quarried and employed for business buildings at Anthony, 

 where the Bennett House and the Anthony Roller Mills, 

 both three-story buildings, are constructed of it, and where, 

 as at Harper, it has given excellent satisfaction. Similar 

 stone, most if not all of which belongs to the Harper forma- 

 tion, is used from quarries in the vicinity of Kiowa, Hazel- 

 ton, Attica, Milan, Spivey, Arlington, and other towns of 

 this region. 



No observations have yet been made as to the dip of 

 the Harper sandstones. The prospector's drill has shown 

 that the Wellington shales and the rock-salt-bearing hor- 

 izons of the Geuda, in a considerable part of southern 

 Kansas, descend and thicken both southward and from 

 their outcrop westward. While the same can not be as- 

 serted of the Harper, certain similar facts are known of 

 the latter also. Thus, we find that the base of the Harper 

 descends to the southward and to the westward within cer- 

 tain known limits. The base of its outcrop at Caldwell is a 

 rough hundred feet lower than it is some fifteen miles 

 further north, in the eastern neighborhood of Milan; and at 

 Anthony, some twenty-five miles west of the Caldwell- 



