50 COLORADO COLLEGE STUDIES. 



Consisting of alternating limestones and shales. The shales 

 carbonaceous (bluish) to calcareous (light gray). The 

 limestones including at least two courses that are used as 

 dimension-stone, the more important of which (commonly, 

 6 to 12 inches thick) is the Doions limestone (named from 

 Downs, Kansas, near which are quarries of it,) and which 

 might also be appropriately called the Fence-post limestone, 

 as it is extensively used for posts of wire fences. Buildings 

 and posts from the Downs Hmestone having a characteristic 

 and rather neat, striped appearance due to a median yellow, 

 brown or reddish rust}^ band in the rock. Outcrops from 

 valley of Crooked creek in southern Gray county to that of 

 Republican river in western part of Republic county, 

 thence crossing Republican-Little Blue divide and passing 

 into Nebraska. Formation includes the Globigerina bul- 

 loides "Lincoln marble." Characteristic fossils: Trinacrom- 

 erum bentonianum, Inoceramus labiatus, I fragilis (small 

 phase), Prionocydm woolgari (small phase), etc. 



THE VICTORIA FORMATION, 



Or Victoria clays. The upper formation of the Ben- 

 ton in Kansas. Named from Victoria, Kansas, which is on 

 the outcrop, the clays being also cut largely by Victoria 

 creek. Highly carbonaceous, almost black, sticky clay-shale, 

 with a zone of frequently large "cannon-ball" septaria in the 

 lower part, the Cannon-ball zone, supposed to be the same as 

 that of Cannon-ball crossing on the Missouri river, illus- 

 trated in Hayden's reports. 



Outcrops extend from Walnut creek, Ness county, 

 Kansas, (from north brancli of Pawnee river in Hodgeman?) 

 to Whiterock creek and Republican river in northwestern 

 Republic county, and thence through Nebraska, etc. 

 Fossils: immense Prionocyclus woolgari, Scaphites luarreni, 

 Scaphites vermiformis, Inoceramus labiatus, Plesiochelys lovii, etc. 



