; 
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: 
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1899 | NEW NORTH AMERICAN TREES 93 
A tree with a trunk forty or fifty feet in height and from two 
to three feet in diameter covered with close pale gray bark, 
comparatively small spreading or pendulous branches, slender 
pendulous branchlets, light reddish-brown, lustrous and marked 
occasionally with white lenticels, growing darker during their 
second season, ultimately dark gray-brown and often furnished 
in their second or third year with two or three thick corky 
wings. The winter-buds are ovate, acute, a quarter of an inch 
in length and covered with numerous oblong-obovate dark 
chestnut-brown scales. The leaves are thin and firm in texture, 
yellow-green and lustrous on the upper surface, rather paler on 
the lower surface, from two to three inches in length, with 
prominent midribs and about twenty pairs of primary veins run- 
ning to the points of the principal teeth and often forked near 
the margin of the leaf, obscure reticulate veinlets, and stout 
petioles a quarter of an inch in length; in the autumn they turn 
orange-yellow before falling. The flowers are reddish-brown 
with yellow anthers, and are borne on slender conspicuously 
jointed pedicels often an eighth of an inch long in many- 
flowered racemes from an inch to an inch and a half in length. 
The fruit, which ripens early in November, is about half an inch 
long and is fringed on the margins with long silvery-white hairs. 
Banks of the French Broad river near Dandridge, Tennes- 
see; limestone bluffs. of the Cumberland river, near Nashville, 
Tennessee ; limestone ridges near Huntsville, Alabama, and 
Rome, Georgia; occasionally planted as a shade tree in the 
streets of Huntsville and Rome, and when cultivated in good 
soil and with abundant space distinguished by its broad hand- 
some head of pendulous branches. 
Ulmus serotina was collected by Rugel on the French Broad 
Paha in October 18423; it was found near Nashville, by Dr. A. 
Gattinger, as early, at least, as 1879, and, although he noticed its 
autumnal flowers, it was referred by him to Ulmus racemosa. It 
has been distributed without flowers or fruit as Ulmus racemosa 
3 ’ ; 7 
a One of Rugel’s Specimens, with a few fragmentary flowers, Is preserved in the 
arium of Columbia University. 
