1899 | : CURRENT LITERATURE 487 
anatomy cf hypocotyl and epicotyl in woody plants,” reaches the conclusion 
that ‘the two regions are, in their primary structure, essentially dissimilar.” 
Eight double plates illustrate the two papers,— j Fe ee 
HEDWIG and Schwagrichen’s type specimens from North America have 
been examined thoroughly and critically by M. Jules Cardot, who publishes, 
in the Bulletin de l Herbier Bossier 7: 300. 1899, the first installment of his revi- 
sion. One hundred and fifteen species have been investigated as fully as the 
frequent scantiness of the material wouid permit, of which sixty-one are dis- 
cussed in this first section. Four plates provide important structural details 
which are wanting in the figures of Hedwig and Schwagrichen. The author 
remarks, by way of introduction, “I offer my work especially to my American 
confréres, who are engaged with so much zeal and talent in studying the 
bryological riches of their vast continent. I hope that they will receive it: 
kindly, and I shall be amply repaid for my labor if they consider it of some 
utility.” We may say that, without question, M. Cardot has made American 
bryologists his debtors, for the work is one that will be of great service to 
them and certainly merits their grateful thanks.—C. R. B. 
Mr. Epwarp C. JEFFREYS has been studying Equisetum and its allies, 
chiefly as to the development of tissues and organs. Two primitive types of 
stelar structure are distinguished, the single concentric strand and the tubular 
concentric strand. ‘The former he calls protostelic, the more primitive type; 
the latter siphonostelic. The siphonostelic type has two modifications, which 
he calls phyllosiphonic and cladosiphonic. In the former case the continuity 
of the vascular cylinder is interrupted by lacunz occurring above the points 
of exit of the leaf traces; in the latter case the lacunz occur above the 
traces of the branches. Phyllosiphony is associated with large leaves, as in 
Filicales, cladosiphony with small leaves, as in Equisetales and Lycopodiales. 
In reference to the morphology of the vascular strands the author FetEns to 
the Standpoint of Sachs and De Bary, as opposed to that of Van ee 
modified by Strasburger. ‘ 
He also finds that in the development of the archegonium there is no 
basal cell, as in the homosporous Filicales, and that the neck canal cell 
divides longitudinally, as reported by Treub for Lycopodium phlegmaria. 
In tracing the development of the sporophyte embryo Mr. Jeffrey finds 
that both root and shoot arise from the epibasal region, a fact not at all in 
accord with the embryogeny of homosporous Filicales. 
The conclusion is reached that the Equisetales are related to the Lycopo- 
diales rather than to the F ilicales, the points of resemblance and distinction 
being as follows: gametophyte with fleshy vertical axis and thin lateral lobes, 
*The development, structure, and affinities of the genus Equisetum. Memoirs 
Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 5: 155-190. pis. 26-30. 1899. 
