244 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [OCTOBER 
modern type, with the cylinder broken up into numerous bundles, the 
gaps between the strands were not subtended by the leaf-traces, which 
took their origin from the face of the fibrovascular bundles. This 
fact it is very important to keep in mind, in view of the conditions to 
be found in some of the reduced Lycopsida to be described later. It 
is further of interest to note that these arboreous lycopods, in which 
the leaves were sometimes a meter in length, offer no exception in their 
anatomical structure to the writer’s definition of the Lycopsida. 
LYCOPODIACEAE 
Under this heading Lycopodium itself need not be considered, as 
it has a solid protostelic central cylinder. Phylloglossum, however, 
has a tubular stele, which in the lower tuberous portion of the stem 
constitutes in cross-section an almost continuous horseshoe of xylem, 
without foliar gaps for the relatively large radical leaves (protophylls). 
The opening in the horseshoe corresponds to the outgoing stran 
which passes into the resting tuber, forming the next year’s plant. 
Above the tuber the stem of Phylloglossum passes into the slender 
peduncle of the cone. In this region of the stem the fibrovascular 
tissues separate into a number of distinct strands, comparable to those 
found in the axis of the less ancient Sigillarias. Fig. 8 is 4 Copy of a 
figure by BERTRAND,‘ showing the manner in which these isolated 
peduncular strands give rise to the traces of the lower sporophylls of 
the cone. It will be noted on the lower side of the figure that the 
bundles are much elongated radially. In such cases they are about 
to give off sporophyll traces. In the upper part of the figure three 
outgoing traces are seen, in different degrees of detachment from 
their ponding ped lar strands. On the left, one of the traces 
has turned obliquely after leaving the peduncular strand, so that 
it nearly subtends the hiatus between two peduncular strands. An 
inattentive observer might readily interpret the hiatus as 4 real foliar 
gap. Only a consideration of the mode of origin of the trace ai 
the peduncular strand makes the real condition of affairs apparen' 
There are clearly no foliar gaps present, else the peduncular $ 
would fork above the outgoing traces. ‘The conditions in the need 
part of the stem of Phylloglossum are clearly similar to those obt 
+Phylloglossum. Archives Bot. du Nord de la France 18853112. #&- 79 
