1898] BRIEFER ARTICLES 199 
Itis with pleasure that I dedicate this species to Professor W. C. 
Knight, geologist and palzontologist and whilom botanist, to whom I 
am often indebted for specimens, and who first called my attention to 
this form. 
This shrub-like tree is common in the so-called cedar bluffs, red 
sandstone hills, occurring at intervals throughout the Red Desert 
region of Wyoming from the Seminoe mountains to Green river. It 
was observed by the writer in numerous localities during the summer 
of 1897, the accompanying figure being from a photograph secured at 
Point of Rocks. The habit as shown is not only characteristic but 
searly universal. One is reminded of the recently published illustra- 
tion of Dr. Sargent’s 7. scopulorum, which is scarcely characteristic of 
that species as I know it in the hills about Laramie. 
The two foregoing are the only tree-like junipers that have yet 
w=n secured in the state, but one or two others may possibly be found 
main our borders to the west and north. Of the shrubby forms the 
ing are abundant : J. communis L., J. communis Sibirica (Burgsd.) 
Rydb,, and J. Sabina L.Aven Newson, The University of Wyoming. 
THE MORPHOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE 
LODICULES OF GRASSES.‘ 
THE question of the morphological significance of the lodicules in 
hundred as been discussed by very many botanists during the last 
the subj years. The last author, of which I know, to deal directly with 
his ist bing Dr. Edward Hackel, the eminent agrostologist, who in 
3 Naas published in the first volume of Engler’s Botanische Jahr- 
supp (1880), treats the question so exhaustively that his conclusions, 
cg they are by his careful researches and to some extent no 
, _) 4S great reputation as a student of the grasses, have for more 
von, we five years been accepted as the true interpretation of these 
Views Es se at his historical résumé shows that, in the main, two 
Tudimentary. r held by botanists: first, that these organs constitute a 
Ob the older qanth, to which view a considerable number, especially 
ants of brac Saag gave adherence; and second, that they are rem- 
the latter aia morphological value the equivalent of leaves. To 
ackel, as well as other earlier writers, held. 
Garden and Forest ; 
4 0: 423. 1807. 
Read at the Ithaca ee 22 
meeting of the Society for Plant Morphology and ‘bd Bie 
