240 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [aPRit 
According to Kerner (31), in the twining honeysuckles 
(L. caprifolium, etrusca, grata, implexa, periclymenum, etc.) nectar 
is secreted in the lowest part of the’ tube, while in the non 
twining ones (L. alpigena, nigra, xylosteum, etc.) it is secreted ia 
an expansion above the base. In the sphingophilous species 
the nectar is protected from unbidden guests by the long, narrow 
tube; in the shorter, wider tubed species it is protected by hairs 
upon the filaments and the inner wall of the corolla. Under 
conditions unfavorable for the visits of hawk moths, nectar 
accumulates in the long-tubed species until a part of it becomes 
accessible to some long-tongued intruders. 
Some observers have found in the tubes holes which, they 
imagined, were made by bees. Miller saw L. coerulea perforated 
by Bombus mastrucatus. Schneck (27) saw Megachile brevis (?) 
cutting circular pieces out of the tubes of Z. sempervirens, a he 
says, to obtain the nectar. I have seen this bee cut such ee 
out of the corollas of nothera fruticosa, Cassia Chamaccrista an 
Ruellia ciliosa, but she carried them away to use in her ne 
The anthers are exposed so that the pollen is accessible 
number of intruders, principally Andrenidae and Syrphidae, wh 
may collect it or feed upon it, usually doing harm, though fe : 
may sometimes effect cross- or self-pollination. Meehan ie 
etc.,),who has observed only this kind of insect visits t° pias 
vated exotic species, concludes from it that the presence ° - 
tar is of no significance as an adaptation for insect eee : 
The statements in regard to dichogamy, Or other et lym : 
for cross-pollination, are remarkably conflicting. [.¢ erogy” 
is homogamous according to Miiller (5), slightly a 
nous according to Kirchner (28). L. aylosteum \s ea move’ 
(Miiller) and proterogynous with spontaneous peg 
ments of stamens and style (Kerner). J. coerulea 7” eee 1%): : 
nous (Hildebrand 2, Ricca 4) and homogamous rok | 
Miller calls L. periclymenum homogamous, and suppor of 
cross-pollination is favored by the stigma being 10 7 
Place, for all of our bird-flowers whose ranges approach that of vi lage sion 
the exception of 4. Canadensis, strike the bird on the upper side. 
nary, anyhow. 
