252 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [arm 
P. aphylla. \t seems, on the whole, that these members of the 
Pyrolacee, Pyrola, Moneses, and Chimaphila, form a very 
natural group by themselves, if we consider their morphological 
characters, and their floral and vegetative structures. While 
Pyrola secunda, P. aphylla, P. picta, and P. chlorantha are the only 
species which have been observed to produce root-shoots, we 
should not feel surprised if this be the case also with all the 
other species, as in Moneses and Chimaphila. But we doubt 
very much whether any of these genera live as true saprophytes, : 
although the supposed related Monotropez are known tolivess — 
such. 
There is yet another point of interest in the life history of 
_ the Pyrolaceze which we should like to touch upon, even though 
it may seem somewhat foreign to the main subject of this pap 
The germination of the Pyrolacez is almost unknown, and with 
the exception of Pyrola secunda and Monotropa, none have been : 
examined at this early stage of development. In his ape? 
of the germination of P. secunda, Irmisch points out the 
two opposite cotyledons, while a series of about ten sie” 
leaves, all underground, precede the proper ones. Eastin! 
mentary leaves were pale, and they were situated at gen 
tance from each other upon the underground part of the - , 
Buds were observed in the axils of these leaves, a greet 
them had already pushed out so as to form ascending ak 
Secondary roots were seen in several cases to break none 10 
number of these buds. This manner of germinating, " a 
proper cotyledons, is rather rare among the dicotyledom, chez 
especially characteristic of the parasitic forms, es des the 4 
(excepting Lathrea), Balanophoree, Cuscuta, etc., shat Bm 
saprophytic genus Monotropa. It seems very strang© cect 
secunda should exhibit a similar manner of gr a 
does not otherwise behave as a saprophyte- af aor 4 
surprising, also, in view of the fact that Chimaphila or dicotyle- 
minates in the same way as the majority of the pee of 
dons. We succeeded in finding a number of she ome 
species in the month of July, while we were digging 
Dee i ele e ip te ares S 
SR gee tat) Ses erg ese tet Set ace peo Eee eeir ee 
