342 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [May 
limitation of these latter two series being governed by the ori- 
entation of the ovules, a scheme used also by Bentham and 
Hooker ; the series Frangulinz or Rhamnales has been restricted 
to the families Rhamnacez and Vitacez, while the Aquifoliacee, 
Celastracee and Hippocrateacez are put in Sapindales. | 
follow Pax and Baillon in placing the Pittosporacee near the 
Saxifragacee. I have united the series Saxifragine, Rosi- 
flore, and Leguminose into one series, 7. ¢., the Rosales, since 
the natural affinity of these groups is beyond all doubt. The 
Proteacez have been excluded from the Thymelzales and placed 
more toward the beginning of the system near the Santalales, the 
remaining families being added to the Myrtiflore or Myrtales. 
Of the Sympetale the two series Tubiflore and Labiati- 
flore are united ; the Aggregate on the other hand are broken 
up, and the Valerianacez together with the Dipsacacee placed 
in the Rubiales, and the Composite in the Campanulate. 
Both subclasses of dicotyledons, Archichlamydee and Sym- 
petale, are retained, although sharp distinctions between them 
do not exist. The guiding characters for the disposition of the 
series under the Archichlamydez are chiefly the development 
of the perianth, the floral axis, and the arrangement 0 
parts, but consideration has been given also to the make 
istin- 
the ovules in so far as the Casuarinacez are concerned, dis 
ch alone the 
he beginning 
f floral 
-up of 
guished by numerous megaspores, and for whi 
series Verticillatee has been made, and is placed att 
of the Archichlamydez. ; 
Of the remaining series, those which have no perl@ 
take the lowest place, namely, first the Piperales, 
Salicales, then the Myricales, in which several bracts near ee 
flowers often take the place of a perianth. The Ke - 
tain only the Myricacee, which with the Juglandace# 
placed formerly under the Juglandales. : . 
The Balanopsidales with ee family Balanopere mee 
sent an isolated series which occupies a Very low ae ze 
reason of the rudimentary perianth of the staminate flower 
the bracteate envelope of the pistillate ones. 
then the 
the 
