354 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [May 
( Gaultheria procumbens), or the bunch-berry (Cornus Canadensis) with its 
red berries. There are other forms more difficult to find, but which 
will amply repay a search for them. Few of our native flowers can be 
compared with the twin-flower (Zzzn@a borealis), whose slender creep- 
ing vines and tiny pink bells sometimes completely cover the ground 
and scent the woods for yards around. In certain nooks may be found 
clusters of lady’s slippers (Cypripedium acaule), one of the most beauti- 
ful of our orchids, or the white waxy flowers of the shin-leaf (Pyrola 
rotundifolta),or the delicate enchanter’s nightshade (Circaa alpina). 
In certain parts of the woods there are low places, where the ground 
becomes swampy. Here the undergrowth becoines more profuse. The 
magnificent flowering ferns or osmundas, growing to a height of four 
or five feet, often form dense brakes. The curious Jack-in-the-pulpit 
(Arisema triphyllum) abounds, and rarer forms such as the rein-orchis 
(Habenaria bracteata) and the ragged fringed orchis (Hadenaria lacera) 
are found; while in the soft moist swamp-moss are growing more deli- 
cate plants, such as the sweet white violet (Vio/a b/anda), the small bed- 
straw (Galium trifidum),and many others. 
Some years ago a fire occurred on the island, and burned off a large 
tract of woodland along the White Head ‘road, between the hotel and 
the Ross cottage. Light and sunshine having been let in on the ground 
plants of all kinds seem to have invaded the place and to be struggling 
for its possession. A new growth of poplar and white birch ts spring: 
ing up and promises to take the place of the former dark conifers: - 
present, however, another group of plants is in the ascendancy, for this 
clearing is the home of the berries for which Cushing’s island is eee 
Every summer numerous parties of berry pickers visit the oa - 
return laden with fruit, but their depredations seem to have little a 
in exhausting the supply. Raspberries and blue berries are en ie 
abundant, but there is no lack of blackberries, gooseberries, and pee 
berries. The plants also are very varied, each week during the be 
mer showing a newassortment. Bushes of elder (Sambucus Cana fis 
and viburnum (Vidurnum cassinoides), covered with wee ae 
perhaps the most showy. The great willow-herb (Epilobium hoe 
4ium) is common, as is usual on all burnt ground. Other plants t arilla 
particularly noticeable are golden ragwort (Senecto aureus), a alee 
(Aralia hispida), hawkweed (Hieractum scabrum), cow-wheat 
pyum Americanum), and ladies’ tresses (Spiranthes $7 acilis). 
; ocean, 
Leaving the wooded ridge that shelters the island from the 
