1898] BRIEFER ARTICLES 457 
shore, where it was found by Professor L. H. Bailey. It was very 
abundant in the region under discussion, growing by roadsides, in 
uncultivated lands and even in some cases encroaching on cultivated 
ground and becoming a weed. 
This list might be extended, but enough species have been 
enumerated to show that here is a northward and eastward extension 
of plants, of generally southwestern range, in an entirely unexpected 
part of the state and separated by considerable distances from the near- 
est other known stations. 
The soil conditions are practically those of the prairie region of 
the southwestern corner of the state and of the adjacent region of 
Indiana and Illinois. Climatic conditions are also favorable for the 
existence of a colony of southern plants here, as the summer isotherms 
are the same as those of the lower end of Lake Michigan, and even the 
annual isotherms are but a few degrees lower than those of the southern 
border of Michigan, and a slightly later spring is practically all the 
difference in climatic condition of this locality as compared with those 
to the south. 
Hence, since climate and soil are both favorable we have only to 
account for the introduction of these species into the region to explain 
the presence of the colony, and to do this satisfactorily, a more careful 
study of the region to the southwest will have to be made. One nota- 
ble fact of the occurrence of this colony at this place is that it is 
entirely to the north of the Saginaw lobe of the great terminal moraine 
of the ice-sheet. The most northerly ridges of this moraine are at 
least a dozen miles to the south, and they extend northward ine the 
middle of Huron county well to the east of this region, and while the 
course of the morainal ridge is such that plants might follow up the 
shore of Lake Huron and come around the bend in the moraine into 
the bay region, there are no traces of such a migration in Huron county; 
where the flora at critical points is entirely different. If the moraine 
is insurmountable to plants from the south, as has been greater 
then these species must have been carried across s by wines from the 
southwest, as is possible in case of some of them, since their seeds have 
4 Copious pappus or long coma. : : 
eats sheer an of transportation is that of ocd 
animals, which might easily carry the seeds over the higher . es pe 
but this seems unlikely in this case, as birds are usually moving to ‘Ga 
southward at the season when seeds of plants are most likely to 
