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And this is so though I have not even counted in the fungi, 
confining myself to the vascular plants, higher plants and ferns. 
The highest rate of increase was shown by the vascular crypto- 
gems; of them I collected 45 species, which means about double 
the number of those in 1906. Ernst has one epiphyte growing 
near the coast, whereas I found 16 forms: Genuine fungi appear 
in Ernst’s list to the number of 3; myself found 33 of them. 
Most noteworthy is the great increase of epiphytes; many of 
them demanding other surroundings than other plants. Many 
species desire a constantly moist atmosphere and_ therefore 
thrive most luxuriantly in the humid wild forests of the moun- 
. tains. At about 1800 ft. I found a little fern, a species of 77i- 
chomanes whose leaves are very unfit to resist long dessiccation. 
A great change in the condition of life must have come about, 
and this was that the few forest-plants which were to be found 
in the ravines during Mr. Backrr’s visit, have multiplied asto- 
nishingly since 1908, covering the ravines with dense forest, 
a forest consisiting indeed of few species, but a incredible number 
of individuals of each. They already form deep shadows, shed 
leaves plentyfully, the ground is covered already with a layer 
of leaf-mould of some thickness, and with the humus arises the 
possibility of the development of numerous forest-plants. More- 
over the mountain-peak is frequently wrapped in clouds con- 
sequently very moist (as I had occasion to be aware when 
climbing it) and also so a good habitat for epiphytes. 
Now if we wish to take stock of the composition of the 
Krakatau-flora at the present day, we can divide it into the 
_ following spheres. To begin with there is the usual littoral zone, 
_ which already began to form at the time of Trevs’s visit, i.e. . 
hee three years after the eruption, and was well represented ten 
‘Years later. Next follows the Barringtonia-formation, which is 
of unequal breadth, being now wider, now narrower, sometimes 
: absent altogether. Then follows the Casuarine-forest with its 
: liar vegetation of smaller trees, shrubs and creepers, to 
bh. Becgre applies. the name of mixed forest. After this we 
ssy wilds of the level interior, which occasionally 
Here will be oo otha —— 
