= 
1899] STUDIES IN CRAT&GUS 415 
round or flat-topped head, armed with straight or curved, chestnut- 
brown or gray spines 2—6™ long, and clothed with gray or light 
brown bark: branchlets chestnut- or reddish-brown, sprinkled 
with small pale lenticels: buds globular, bright reddish-brown: 
leaves ovate, round ovate or on vigorous shoots deltoid, acute at 
the apex, rounded and narrowed at the base, or occasionally 
truncate or subcordate, 3-10 long, including the petiole, 
2-6" wide, the borders sharply and irregularly serrate, or 
doubly serrate and incisely 5--7-lobed, the serratures minutely 
glandular-apiculate; they are bright or yellowish-green and 
minutely roughened, or occasionally scabrous-pubescent on the 
upper surface, paler below and generally smooth, or with a few 
hairs along the larger veins, which are disposed in 3-5 pairs : 
petioles slender, 5""-3™ long, glandular: pedicels strict, 7°” 
-1.5"long: calyx obconic, the divisions short, entire or glan- 
dular-serrate, 3—-4™" long, acute: stamens 10: styles 3-5, sur- 
rounded at the base with pale hairs: fruit globose, 10-11™ in 
diameter, red or greenish-yellow with ruddy cheek, ripening and © 
falling the last of September in the vicinity of Gadsden, Ala- 
bama (type locality): nutlets 3-5, hard and bony, 5-6"" long, 
3-4" measured dorso-ventrally, the back ridged and grooved 
and the lateral faces nearly plane: flesh thin and firm. 
Crategus silvicola is abundantly represented in the ‘‘ flat- 
Woods” of northern Alabama and northwestern Georgia, and 
®ccasionally ascends into the poorer and drier woodlands of the 
‘Surrounding country. The lower leaves and those from young 
Plants are much rougher to the touch than foliage from the 
upper branches of the larger and older trees, but the fruit, which 
When ripe falls from the trees at the slightest interference, iS. 
‘onstant in form and color. I presume the proposed species 
Tepresents one of the several forms of the South Atlantic region 
heretofore referred to C. coccinea, L.1 Taking the original 
description and a copy of a tracing of the type specimen of the 
Scarlet thorn, C. silvicola may be distinguished by the rough 
; i ine,. 
: leaves, which are less incised and broader and longer in outlin 
‘Sp. Pl. 476. 1753. 
