440 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [DECEMBER 
care. The fact that Mr. Druery, a few years ago, succeeded in producing 
apospory in Scolopendrium vulgare, presumably a most unlikely form for 
such an experiment on account of the smooth stri.p-shaped leaves, indicates 
that the suggestion has some weight.—-CHARLES J. CHAMBERLAIN. 
APPLE CANKER, which attacks the bark of the limbs of apple trees of all 
ages, has been traced by Mr. W. Paddock,’ of Geneva, N. Y., to the well-known 
Spheropsis malorum Pk., causing the black rot of apples. Cultures have 
been made on sterilized bean stems, and the disease produced by inoculation. 
Ina later communication” further observations are given upon the destruc- 
tiveness of the disease, which occurs, as it is discovered, in pears and quinces 
as well asin apples. Trees may be entirely killed by this disease, which in 
most cases progresses from the smaller branches toward the trunk.—J. C. A. 
WEEDS have been the subject of a number of bulletins from the agricul- 
tural experiment stations, not yet mentioned in these pages. Only the western 
states are represented. F. H. Hillman (Nev. no. 38: 1-131. 127 cuts in 
text) describes the seeds of many weeds with much clearness and detail, and 
presents one hundred and twenty five cuts, drawn by himself, illustrating as 
many kinds of seeds. These illustrations are worthy of special commenda- 
tion for their accuracy and artistic merit,and also because they are well 
printed. L. F. Henderson (Idaho no. 14: 91-136. 13 pl. and 5 cuts in text) 
discusses twelve of the state’s worst weeds, and says good things about 
the value and justice of weed laws. E. E. Bogue (Oklahoma no, 41: I-I2. 
14 cuts in text) presents information regarding seventeen weeds, of which 
those least known eastward are Solanum Ti orreyt, Acacia filiculoides and 
Croton Texensis. A. S. Hitchcock and G. L. Clothier have issued a press 
bulletin (no. 18) of two pages giving notes on weeds, and also a sixth report 
on Kansas weeds (Kans, no. 80: 113-164). A large fund of information is 
presented regarding the habits and distribution of weeds, not only of Kansas, 
but of the whole United States. Charts are used to show the distribution by 
counties in Kansas of 209 species, and by states in the whole country of 194 
species. L.H. Pammel presents a full account (Iowa no. 38: 7-24. 7 cuts 
in text) of the Russian thistle, with a bibliography ; also a discussion of the 
weeds of cornfields (Iowa no. 39: 27-52. 17 cuts in text), and of horse nettle 
{Solanum Carolinense), Convolvulus arvensis and Tribulus terrestris (lowa, 
no. 42: 130-140. 5 cuts in text), the last species having recently gained a 
foothold on Muscatine island in the Mississippi river. E. S. Goff (Wis. no. 76 : 
1-53. 39 Cuts in text) gives illustrations and information regarding the ten 
weeds mentioned in the Wisconsin weed law, with notes on eight others.— J. 
(A. 
9 Science 8: 595. 
© Science 8: 836. 
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