92 BOTANICAL GAZETTE [avcust 
slopes of plants which are small and rare on the outer slopes; seco id, 
a distinctive vegetation of the hollows; and, third, a distincdll 
vegetation of the inner slopes. 4 
As to the first phase, it is enough to note that several plants, 
and scattered on the outer slopes, become larger, frequent, 
even patch-forming on the inner; and this is true also in less deg 
of other species. The beach grass persists in all situations. : 
The second phase is the vegetation of the hollows. The very 
first plant to appear in this situation, and that too near the o ter 
beaches, is always, strangely enough, the common wild strawbe 
Fragaria virginiana, apparently of normal size and form, 
ingly quite at home, and spreading abundantly by runners, so 
it forms considerable patches. The appearance of the nas 
appreciable density, such that they afford a cover to the ground, ’ 
turf-forming grasses, of which the first is the red fescue, Festi 
of course, is one of the most tolerant, and hence ubiquitous, her 
of our flora, and its situation here is partially explained by the nea 
ness of the abundant water supply. Yet it is surprising to 
it taking so important a part in a vegetation in so peculiar a posi 
The third phase of this vegetation is that characteristic of 
sheltered slopes. First of such plants to appear, and the mo 
common and characteristic, is the dwarf creeping juniper, J unip- 
erus Sabina procumbens, of which single plants originate just below 
the beach dune crests, and creep radiating, more to leeward than 
to windward, in a close dense mat covering many square feet. A 
young plant es shown in fig. 7, in characteristic form and positigis . 
On the inner beaches these plants occur upon the outer as 
as the inner slopes, and the shelter of the mats thus formed affords 
in reality the principal starting-point for the development of other 
plants which lead gradually to the development of the forest, as 
will be noted under the transition vegetation. In a similar situation, 
but independently, arise patches of two other characteristic 
plants, a bright-green, leathery-leaved, tufted shrub, the wax berry, 
