1906] ATKINSON—AGARICUS CAMPESTRIS 257 
in the gymnocarpous forms which he considers a primordial 
cuticle. 
The angiocarpous forms he further divides into two types, sub- 
angiocarpous and angiocarpous. In the subangiocarpous type the 
universal ‘veil (cuticule primordiale), being continuous over the pileus 
and stem, forms the veil which is known as the “ partial veil” or 
“marginal veil” of authors. He says (p. 286) it is probably charac- 
teristic of Flammula, Inocybe, Dermocybe, Hygrocybe, Psalliota, 
Lepiota, Psathyrella, Coprinus, and most of the Tricholomae. In 
the true angiocarpous types there is a cuticle of the pileus which is 
organized underneath the primordial cuticle or universal veil, so that 
at maturity the universal veil separates and forms floccose patches, 
or a volva, or may disappear by gelatinization. As examples he 
cites Agrocybe (Pholiota praecox, Naucoria semiorbicularis, etc.), 
Pholiotina (Pholiota blattaria, P. togularis, etc.), Rozites Karsten 
(Pholiota caperata), Nemataloma Karsten, some species of Panaeolus, 
Telamonia, and probably Locellina and Chitonia; the volva in the 
last three genera he considers to be only a very thick universal veil. 
In the endocarpous forms the primordium of the fruit body is 
differentiated on the interior of a primitive bulb which he calls the 
primordial bulb (bulbe primordial), to which belong the greater num- 
ber of species of Amanita, Volvaria, and some species of Phlegmacium. 
Since this type does not concern us here it will not be in place to 
discuss it, 
From the foregoing it is seen that Fayop places Psalliota (which 
includes A garicus campestris) in his type of subangiocarpous forms. 
Among these forms he studied A garicus rubellus Gillet (Psalliota 
rubella). While he does not describe the development of this species 
(his discussions of development are in the form of general conclusions), 
he says that it belongs to the subangiocarpous type, and his jig. 4, 
pl. 7, shows the primordial cuticle to consist of rather loose radiating 
threads connected on the sides where it extends down over the lamellae 
and stipe with the thicker portion covering the stem. Although 
Fayop placed A garicus campestris also in his subangiocarpous type, 
a study of these cultivated forms shows that it would belong to his 
true angiocarpous type because of the free universal veil entirely 
independent of the marginal veil, the universal veil eventually sepa- 
