32 J. A. Fontaine, 



Sono fiiggito is equivalent to mi sono fnggito. 

 Compare : — 



S' erano fuggiti '. . . Hist. Fior. Bk. IV. 40 



La o altrove si fosse fuggito Bocc. Dec. . . 2. 2 



Ridendo gli contarono perche s' eran fuggiti .... Bocc. Dec. . . 2. 5 



Compare : — 



S'en estait fui'z Giiill. de Tyr. . 468 



Lesquels estoient fuis Rab. Garg. . 41.276 



Sono vissnto is equivalent to mi sono vissnto. 

 Compare : — 



Numitore si vivette nel suo campo Ricord. Mai. . . 886 



Gli nomini si vivono quietamente Machiavelli del Pr. III. 



La donna onestamente con lui si visse Bocc. Dec. . •3-9 



Gia mi vivea di mia sorte felice Orlando F. . 13-5 



Non so, risposi lui, quant' io mi viva Purg. XXIV. . 76 



Compare Old French : — 



Par les pasture de quoi ils se vivent Guill. de Tyr. . 77 



S'il n'a dont il se puisse vivre Roman de la Rose ly 



Et se font povre et si se vivent Roman de la Rose 5 



III. Anxiliarics used with Litransitive Veri?s in SpajiisJi. 



Just as we saw the Spanish using two verbs to indicate 

 possession, so we shall find that it makes use of two different 

 verbs to indicate existence : esse and stare. As to the rela- 

 tion of esse to stare, I shall refer to page 16, where the rela- 

 tion between the French imperfects ere and estoie was spoken 

 of. The Latin stare furnished all the forms of the Spanish 

 estar, but esse did not furnish those of ser in the same meas- 

 ure. The infinite esse and the subjunctive sim have been 

 lost in Spanish, and the corresponding forms, sedere and 

 sedeam, have been taken from a verb whose transferred 

 meaning denotes existence, just as stare does. In the oldest 

 documents of the Spanish no traces of esse and sim can be 

 found, and. if those forms were used at all, it must have been 

 at a period antedating those documents. 



62 



