66 GROTE—THE DESCENT OF THE PIERIDS. [Jan. 5, 
EXPLANATION OF PLATE III. 
The figures are obtained by an improved photographic process. 
i) == subcostal vein; A —=radius 1 to 53 47= media 1Aosee 
C=cubitus 1 to 2; 4 =anal1to 3. On hind wings h. s. = hu- 
meral spur. The thin fork at base of second anal of primaries is 
not numbered. ‘The costal vein is absent through reduction on 
both wings in the Lepidoptera. 
Fig. 14. Piccarda eucharis 29. Type of genus. A highly specialized Pierid, 
in which the radius of forewings is three-branched; 2 has left the original 
Pierine position above the cell and traveled along radius until it forms but a 
moderate fork with R3 + 4-++5, before apex. 7/1 has ascended the radius on 
its lower edge for a considerable distance beyond the cross-vein; hence this is 
the specialized form of the succeeding Defias. In both genera the fork to second 
anal of primaries is reduced to a mere scar. 
Fig. 15. Delias egialea 2. Type of genus. Compare with Piccarda as to 
position of J/1, which here leaves radius mmediately beyond junction of cross- 
vein; fork of R2 longer thanin Piccarda. In these genera the specialization of 
radius has outstripped that of media, and reaches its fullest expression yet 
attained. 
Fig. 16. Pyrrhybris pyrrha 2. Type of genus. A specialized Pierid in 
which #2 has retained the Pierine position above discal cell and has not traveled 
along radius. Hence this is more generalized than the preceding, although the 
radius is equally three-branched. Compare text. 
Fig. 17. Hesperocharis erota, Type of genus. Radius four-branched, the 
branches #2, £3, short, near together before apices, taking Anthocharid 
position ; h. s. truncate. 
Fig. 18. Cunizza hirlanda. Type of genus. Primaries with blunt and 
rounded apices, contrasting in shape with Hesperocharis. R2 to 3 longer, and 
Mi a little further from radius on crossvein, hence more generalized than 
Llesperocharis. 
Fig. 19. Veophasia menapia. Type of genus. A typical Pierid in which R2 
keeps its original position above cell, but here well advanced. Radius four- 
branched. Probably a form ancestral to Pyrrhyédris, or slightly divergent on the 
same line of specialization. 
