1900.] MATHEWS—SOUTH AUSTRALIAN ABORIGINES. 81 
oora tribe, occupying the country from Macumba river nearly to 
Alton Downs. The southern end of their country is watered by the 
Macumba river and the lower portion of Kallakoopa creek. North 
of the Wonkaoora is the Wonkamudla tribe, reaching from Alton 
Downs to Annandale and other stations. 
The Wonkaoora and Wonkamudla tribzes extend a long way to 
the northwest into the desert country, consisting of sandhills, with 
sterile patches and salt marshes between them. ‘The only water in 
this tract is obtained from native wells, called mzckerites, and the 
natives of that district are on this account known as “ the mickerie 
blacks.’’ ‘These wells are for the greater number shallow holes, little 
more than ‘‘ soakages,’’ and generally contain only small supplies 
of water, but a few of them are as much as twenty feet deep, or more, 
being wide at the top and tapering almost to a point at the bot- 
tom, into which the water percolates through the loose strata. 
Adjoining the Wonkaoora on the southwest are the Arrabunna 
people, who inhabit the country from near the Macumba southerly 
along the western side of Lake Eyre as far as Margaret creek, 
where they adjoin the Kooyeeunna tribe already mentioned. The 
Arrabunna extend up the Neale and Peake creeks till met by the 
Andigarina people; toward the southwest they reach to Stuart’s 
Range, where they adjoin the outposts of the Kookatha nation. 
Touching the Kooyeeunna about Red Lake, and extending thence 
southerly down the western side of Lake Torrens is occupied by 
the remnants of the Hillary, Kakarrura, Yallingarra and other 
friendly tribes, meeting the northern limit of the Parnkalla and 
Nauo before referred to. I propose calling this tract of country 
the Hillary Nation, after the Hillary tribe, mentioned by Mr. J. 
Bryant in 1879.’ 
In all the principal tribes or aggregates of subtribes and fami- 
lies, whose boundaries are outlined in the preceding pages and 
enumerated on the appended map as 1 to 1o, the people are 
bisected into the phratries, Matturri and Kirraroo,’ the men of the 
one marrying the women of the other. No previous writer has 
attempted to define the geographic distribution of all the people 
possessing this organization, and show the correct relative location 
of each tribe on a map of South Australia. The collection of 
1 Folklore, Manners, etc., S, A. Aborigines (1879), p. 103. 
2 I have adopted these forms of the Phratry names, because they are used by 
the Kooyeeunna tribe, who are located near the centre of the nation. 
PROC. AMER. PHILOS. SOC. XXXIX. 161. F. PRINTED APRIL 16, 1900. 
