116 HAY—VERTEBRATES OF CARBONIFEROUS AGE. [March 16, 
relatively a broader scale. It is also, as represented, slightly less 
drawn out at the free tip than in the scale before me; but such dis- 
crepancies are scarcely to be considered. ‘The exposed portion of 
the scale is embellished with fine, closely crowded, thread-like 
lines, which starting from the tip run forward, diverge, give off 
branches, and remain of the same size. A little distance in front 
of the tip of the scale the lateral lines cease to branch, but those 
along the median line of the scale continue to do so.- New lines 
also continue to start from the border of the scale as far forward 
as the lines continue. This uncovered portion of the scale also 
possesses a very narrow border of short, very fine lines, which are 
directed inwards at right angles to the edge of the scale. The 
ornamention of the portion of the scale overlapped by the adjacent 
scales is quite different from that described. The centre of growth 
of the scale is a very little in front of the centre of area of 
the scale, and the thread-like lines which have just been described 
come forward, in the midline of the scale, nearly to the growth- 
centre. On the covered part of the scale numerous delicate lines 
of growth are arranged concentrically around the centre of growth. 
Besides these, there is another system of extremely fine lines which 
start from the anterior border of the scale and from the lateral bor- 
ders as far back as the scale is covered. ‘They are directed back- 
ward and somewhat inward so as to cross the lines of growth at an 
angle, large in front of the growth-centre, small above and 
below it. 
The ornamentation of this scale is decidedly different from that 
of C. elegans as represented by Mr. A. S. Woodward.’ Accord- 
ing to his figure there are only about forty-five thread-lines to be 
counted across the widest part of the area of the scale; while in 
that before me there are about eighty such lines. This difference 
harmonizes well with Newberry’s figures of the scales of the two 
species and with his statement,? when speaking of C. ornatus, 
that the ornamentation of the latter is not only relatively, but 
absolutely coarser than that of C. vodus/us, in individuals ten times 
as large. 
1 Cat, Fossil Fishes, Pt. ii, Pl. xiv, Fig. 2a, 
2 Geolog. Surv. Ohio, Pal.i, p. 340. 
