1900. ] ROSENGARTEN—AMERICAN HISTORY. 145 
both in French and German. Ratterman thinks at least one-third 
of Rochambeau’s army at Yorktown consisted of Germans, Alsa- 
tians, Lothringers and Swiss. Gen. Weedon, he says, was born in 
Hanover, served in the Austrian War, 1742-81, and for his services 
at Dettingen was promoted first to ensign and next to lieutenant, 
coming in that rank to America in the Royal American Regiment 
under Bouquet. He became a captain in the Third Virginia, and 
colonel of the First Virginia, and later a brigadier-general of the 
Continental army. The Germans under Ewald were driven back 
by the Germans under Armand at Gloucester, Va., and in the siege 
of Yorktown, Deux-Ponts led his Germans in the attack on a 
redoubt defended by Hessians, and at several points commands 
were given on both sides in German. Washington and the King 
of France both commended the valor of the Zweibriicken regiment. 
German soldiers held the trenches on both sides when the surrender 
was finally made. German regiments under the French and Amer- 
ican flags received the surrender of German regiments—Anspach, 
Hessian, serving under the British flag—and the officers and men 
joined in warm greetings; the Anspachers offered to serve with 
their countrymen in Lauzun’s Legion, an offer declined as a viola- 
‘tion of the terms of capitulation. The German novelist Sealsfield, 
in his story Morten, Stuttgart, 1844, describes Steuben’s share in 
this crowning victory. Mr. J. F. Sachse has drawn from his large 
store of material a letter written by the Duke of Brunswick on 
February 8, 1783, to Gen. Riedesel, in view of the return of his 
force to Germany, in which he says that as not half of his officers 
and subordinates can remain in active service at home, while many 
of them must be reduced in rank and more discharged altogether, _ 
all who can had better remain in America, as he would not burthen 
his people and his war budget with pensions for young and able- 
bodied men; he therefore authorizes and recommends the discharge 
of officers, especially those of the staff, with six months’ pay out of 
the regimental funds; non-commissioned officers, too, should be 
encouraged to take their discharge and stay in America, so that 
companies may be reduced to fifty in the infantry and thirty-six in 
the dragoons, and these must all be natives of Brunswick; all men 
under punishment or charged with offenses or physically unfitted 
must be left behind. Chaplains, paymasters, surgeons, etc., who 
can make their living in America, were recommended to stay here. 
In this way, and with those who died in the service or deserted, 
