irs 
1900.] MATHEWS—THE AUSTRALIAN ABORIGINES. 069 
area where the Wombya organization obtains is supported by the 
fact that in neighboring districts we discover that some of the sec- 
tions appearing in Table No. 11 intermarry with others having an 
entirely different name, and the offspring are also differently desig- 
nated. For example, in the Inchalachee tribe a Palyaringie man 
marries a Boonongoona, and the children are Boolangie. This 
could be accounted for by supposing that in former times the Pal- 
yaringie tribe became separated into two or more segments, one 
branch going into certain territory, whilst another branch traveled | 
in a contrary direction, and that each branch ultimately became in- 
corporated with different people, thus participating in the formation 
‘of diverse communities in which many of the section names are dis- 
similar. ‘The same may be said of Bungaringie, who takes a Thim- 
memill spouse, and the progeny are Warkoo. On the Victoria 
river Chingulum marries a Chamaja woman and his children are 
Jambajunna ; the wives and the offspring in each case being quite 
different to those in Table No. 11. 
In examining the social structure of a large number of tribes, it 
is seen that certain section names seem to be more universal or per- 
sistent than others. For example, the name Chingulum, or its 
dialectic variations Jungulla, Changally, Kingulla, etc., is found in 
nearly every one of the tribes containing eight sections, from the 
Gulf of Carpentaria all the way across the Northern Territory, and 
extending onwards far into Western Australia. There is at the 
present day a tolerably numerous tribe named Chingalee who 
occupy a considerable tract of country between Daly waters and 
Newcastle waters in the Northern Territory. And although we 
cannot place too much reliance on the similarity of names, it is 
possible that this may be a remnant of the larger and more wide- 
spread nation from which the section name Chingulum has arisen. 
The section name Cheenum, er its variants Jinagoo, Chanama, 
Chunainjah, Janna, etc., is also found among most of the commu- 
nities in the country lying between the northwest corner of Queens- 
land and Western Australia. This seems to justify the inference 
that at an earlier period there were, among others, two tribes 
called Chingulum and Cheenum, each of which were spread over 
an immense extent of country, and that they either conquered other 
tribes or were themselves subjugated, or otherwise became amalga- 
mated with the people around them or with subsequent influxes 
from elsewhere, in the way I have endeavored to illustrate in prev- 
