178 GEOLOGY OF OLD HAMPSHIEE COUifTT, MASS. 



The ascending section is (1) sericite-scliist, (2) flags, (3) corrugated 

 schist, which is met with in going out on any radius from the Goshen anti- 

 cline; and these three beds are found exactly repeated in inverse order in the 

 west of Worthington; that is, on reaching the corrugated schists (3), one 

 keeps on west across them and passes a syncline, and west of Worthington 

 village comes upon the flaggy schists (2) exactly as m Goshen, followed 

 farther westward by the same hornblendic sericite-schists (1). The Goshen 

 schist is here a true flagstone, splitting into thin slabs with smooth faces. It 

 shows rarely staurolites embedded on the cleavage faces, on which appear 

 also the gai'nets and the cross-sections of the very elongate biotite spangles. 



The mass of the schist is hei'e a gray muscovite-schist, very fine-grained, 

 in many layers showing no free quartz when examined with the lens, in 

 others showing much quartz in flattened lenses made up of grains of white 

 quartz, around which the membranes of muscovite fold. The quartzose 

 layers are 2 to 5 inches thick, and alternate regularly with more mica- 

 ceous layers, so that here cleavage and lamination coincide. 



This band is sharply diff'erentiated from the corrugated schist above, 

 and on the map (PI. XXXIV) the boundary is exactly laid down across 

 Worthington southwardly, and except where the till is an obstruction, 

 across Chester to the river. South of this, as it swings around the south 

 end of the syncline, it is involved in the general corrugation and can not 

 be accurately bounded. It has already grown narrow, and can be clearly 

 defined at Salmon Falls, on the Westfield River, Ijut in the intermediate 

 spaces the absence of limestone and a less amount of graphite and other 

 accessories are tlie only guide. Indeed, the distinction is a comparatively 

 unimportant one, but from the great extent of these graphitic schists it is 

 needful to search out any recognizable stratigraphical distinctions in order 

 to unravel their structure, and to retain these distinctions, when otherwise 

 unimportant, in order to express this cartographically. 



Northward from Worthington the flags widen across Cummington and 

 Plainfield. Northwest of Cummington they are finely develoi)ed — an alter- 

 nation of more or less quartzose layers with intervening more micaceous 

 and garnetiferous layers; the latter, an inch wide and 3 inches ajjart, 

 preserves an original alternation of more sandy and more clayey layers. 



The widening continues across Ashfield. At C. and B. Hawes's, 4-inch 

 sand layers, a foot apart, appear in the dark, garnetiferous spangled scliists. 



