THE EASTERN SYNCLINE. 239 



to include tlie whole, and tliis is sometimes repeated several times on one 

 or both sides of the center, showing a gradual growth of the feldspar within 

 the mass of the mica-schist. There was first the formation of the large 

 central mass and its welding with a layer of the mica scales at its surface 

 (scattered scales of the same mica occur witliin the large feldspars), and 

 later the addition of otlier granular layers of feldspar outside the first, each 

 retaining in contact with its outer surface a film of tlie mica scales. Each 

 feldspar layer has possibly some relation to a stage in the folding process 

 of the rock, by which strains were set up within it and localized at the sur- 

 face of the feldspar grains, so that growth of new feldspar at that place was 

 made possible. 



THE HARDWICK GNEISS. 



In a communication to the Geological Society of America a; New 

 York in 1889^ I described briefly the great bands of granite which cross the 

 State as batholites of igneous rock,- melted up along great syiiclines of the 

 compressed schists, and stated that the Cambrian biotite-gneisses, which are 

 sometimes finely granitoid from recrystallization, could scarcely be distin- 

 guished from these granites made schistose by crushing, and I held the 

 Ban-e and Orange bands in reserve, as their relations to the gneisses and to 

 the granites were so evenly balanced that I could not decide in which cate- 

 gory to place them. A more extended study of the band across Massachu- 

 setts and New Hampshire has convinced me that it must be put with the 

 iutrasive bands, as it shares so many of the characteristics of the latter. 

 It is intruded as a broad band in the fibrolite-schists, while if it were the 

 Monson gneiss in normal relation to these schists in the core of an anticline 

 it would be separated from them on either side by amphiljolite and whet- 

 stone-schist, as is the case in the anticlines next east and west. Now, the 

 northern end of the next eastern baud — the Orange band — is the counter- 

 part of the northern end of this mass. The shape is the same; the rocks 

 are in places scarcely distinguishable; but the newer rocks seem to mantle 

 round the Orange area as around a core of gneiss, and the band can be 

 traced continuously south into union with the Palmer-Monson area, where 

 the interbedded quartzites and conglomerates prove the mass to be a Cam- 



'Porphyritic aud gneissoid granites in Massachusetts: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., Vol. I, 1890, p. 5.59. 

 The name Barre granite used here has beeu changed above to Hardwlck granite to prevent confusion 

 with the well-known granite of Barre, Vermont. 



