THE TRIASSIC SANDSTONE AS A BUILDING STONE. 393 



it, until tbey now own 174 acres of good stone laud and two more (|uanios, both 

 of which have been opened, but are now uuworked. In the Billings workings the 

 rock was 20 feet thick where first quarried, but by following its di]) of about 10 

 degrees to the southeast the owners find it increased to 40 feet of unstratified and 

 little seamed stone. About 20 feet of earth cover the layer of stone at i)resent 

 worked, and below it is found a deposit of soft, shaly rock. Water is a trouble- 

 some feature of this quarry, and a steam pump is kept ;it work much of the time. 

 During nine months 85 men are emi)loyed around the works, 10 of whom are 

 stonecutters; the same firm keeps 25 cutters at work in the Franklin street yard 

 in Springfield. About 100,000 cubic feet of rock was shipped from the quarry last 

 year, and nearly half of this amount was dressed before it was sent away. The 

 largest contracts for stone either completed within a year or now being finished 

 are: An order for 20,000 feet for Judge Tree's house in Chicago, Illinois; for the 

 Union League Clubhouse, Chicago, 35,000 feet, and for the Second Congregational 

 Church, Holyoke, ;?5,000 feet. 



The Springfield quarry, located within the city limits, 4 miles out on the 

 Hampden road, owned by W. & E. W. Pease, was first worked in 1882, and lies 

 on a tract of 30 acres, bought from John Rockford. The ledge first quarried was 

 20 feet thick at the croppings and of fine (juality brownstone, but at a few feet 

 below the surface a large spring was struck, which made operations too expensive. 

 In the second opening two ledges, each 12 and 14 feet thick and separated by a 

 layer of shaly stone, are worked, and 20 feet of sand is at present removed to get 

 at the deposit, which dips toward the southeast at an angle of about 30 degrees. 

 Water has not yet proved troublesome. About 50 men are employed, and last 

 year nearly 100,000 feet of stone was shipped over the New England Road, mainly 

 to the eastern part of this State. The Palmer depot and the new Taftsville mill 

 are conspicuous examples of buildings trimmed with stone from this quarry. 



The Carlisle Stone Company owns a brownstone quarry not far from Sixteen 

 Acres, and last year employed 20 men and shipped to Boston by way of the Indian 

 Orchard depot 25,000 cubic feet of rock, of which only a small proportion was 

 dressed. A tract of 60 acres, including the present quarry, which was first worked 

 four years ago, was bought by the company in 1881, and the stone obtained since 

 that time has been of fine quality, although of a lighter red color than Longmeadow 

 stone. The stratum is 18 feet thick, dips about 15 degees to the east, and is cov- 

 ered by 12 feet of sand and 2 feet of hardpau. No shaly rock is found, but flinty 

 bowlders occur, and water causes considerable trouble in the spring months. 



M. A. Glynn works a quarry at East Longmeadow, about a mile north of the 

 depot, and obtains a fine quality of brownstone, which he sells undressed to several 

 New England dealers. The Glynn quarry was opened ten or twelve years ago, 

 but was worked only a little. It was bought, with 7 acres of laud, by the present 

 owner a year ago from the Enfield Shakers. The rock is covered by 5 feet of 

 earth, without hardpaii or shaly material, and is of uncertain thickness, having 

 been worked only to a depth of 16 feet as yet. Water is not troublesome. Last 

 year 8 quarrymen were employed and 12,000 cubic feet of stone were sold. 



