526 GEOLOGY OF OLD HAMPSHIRE COUNTY, MASS. 



given upon the orig-inal map. So far as the southern part of the State is 

 concerned, this map is the same as the one accompanying tlie report of 1853, 

 cited above; but the striae with abnormal westerly direction, at Kingsley's 

 mills, in the southwest corner of Northampton (southwest of Florence on the 

 map of the 1853 report), are omitted from the later map. Hence we may 

 suppose that President Hitchcock came to doubt the observation as to the 

 stoss side being on the east. I have entered the strias with the j)robable 

 direction — namely, east. 



The map (PI. XI) is very interesting as a composite of (1) the general 

 direction of the ice across the area under consideration; (2) the simulta- 

 neous deflection of the ice at base in the long trough of the Connecticut 

 Valley ; (3) minor deflections around prominent obstructions and in gorges, 

 also aff'ecting only the base of the great ice sheet; (4) later deflections of 

 frontal lobes of the ice by prominent valleys; (5) fanning out of frontal lobes. 



(1) The normal direction is S. 35-40° E., and this is more regularly 

 manifest beyond the confines of the map on the west. 



(2) The influence of the Connecticut Valley in deflecting the ice south- 

 ward seems felt for a considerable distance out over the western plateau. 



(3) The southward deflection in the valley is well exhibited and is 

 most remarkable on the top of the Holyoke range. 



(4) The local influence of the Glreenfield and Deei-field trap ridges of 

 the Cummington Valley and the Fall River and Deerfield River notches are 

 well marked, producing in both the latter cases strige at right angles within 

 and without the gorges. The same is seen at both ends of the Mount Tom 

 range. 



(5) The curious fanning out of the stride north of Westfield, S. 73° W. 

 and S. 60° E., seems to indicate a valley lobe of the ice extending south 

 between Mount Tom and Mount Pomeroy to the west, and expanding to 

 the south where the valley widens toward Westfield. A similar fanning 

 out is indicated in the main Connecticut Valley by the direction S. 50° W. 

 in Agawam and Sufiield. 



The southwesterly direction above Shelburne Falls and the easterly 

 direction down all the valleys opening from the western highlands into the 

 main valley were due to later lobes in the retreating ice front. 



The most remarkable grooving and fluting is found along the whole 

 crest of the Holyoke range on the hard trap. Near the Prospect House, 



