596 GEOLOGY OF OLD HAMPSHIRE COUjSTY, MASS. 



river with a front rudely east and west, or a little north of east and soiTth 

 of west, and the deep transverse valley of the river runs northwest, while 

 deep longitudinal valleys extend south from it. The ice thus set free the 

 lower portions of the Deerfield Valley first, but the Connecticut River gla- 

 cier dammed its mouth for a long time, thus turning the waters south across 

 Conway to form the Conway Lake, south of Bardwells Ferry, whose waters 

 escaped south across Hampshire County to enter the valley of the Con- 

 necticut by way of the southward ramifications of the "Williamsburg Lake. 



At the same time the ice had set free the Deerfield up nearly to the 

 mouth of Bear River in Conway, and still sent a lobe up this valley for some 

 distance, from the south end of which the waters escaped that formed the 

 broad Beai- River Lake, seen in the middle of PL XXXV, A, which drained 

 into the Ashfield Lake. This latter was supplied by a lobe of the glacier 

 which, west of Shelburue Falls, followed up Clessons Brook to beyond 

 Buckland Center (b"). This lake di-ained east into the Conway Lake and 

 south by way of the headwaters of the Mill River into the Williamslnirg 

 Lake. Still farther west the waters gathering from the ice which filled the 

 Deei^field Valley below escaped southeastwardly from the extreme north- 

 eastern corner of Hawley and followed Clessons Brook down as the preced- 

 ing current followed it up, and the two currents met at the sharp bend of 

 the stream at Buckland Four Corners and joined to form the Ashfield Lake 

 mentioned above. Another current from the ice going south up the valley 

 of Chickley River formed the lake which occupied the middle of Hawley. 

 For this lake I could discover no southward outlet, but no doubt one existed. 



Three points will be noticed in regard to this drainage : (1) The waters 

 moved up old valleys and filled them to a level determined by passes far 

 to the south, over which the waters continued into another drainage basin ; 

 (2) after the retreat of the ice, brooks heading up near these divides ran 

 north, canying back north a good portion of the gravels which had been 

 carried south ; (3) it is only near the mouth of the Deerfield River that the 

 deposits of these lakes extend north to the river itself; farther west they 

 begin some distance south and the valleys between their beginnings and 

 the river are empty and bowlder strewn, while on the east side of the Con- 

 necticut the opposite order holds, viz: at the head of Millers River the 

 corresponding deposits extend up to the river and beyond it to the north, 

 in its middle course up to the river and in its lower parts not quite up to 



