SECTION OF CLAYS IN HATFIELD. 691 



the clays again, and being buoyed up and carried oft' southward l>y the 

 flood waters, which still covered the clays in considerable depth. 



8. The continued deposition of the flood sands in waters somewhat 

 lowered on the recession of the ice, so that coarse sands, with flow-and- 

 plunge structure, are laid down, obliterating the irregularities of the sur- 

 face and completing- a terrace of apparently simple structure. 



The drumlin (1) must represent the work of the general glaciation. 

 The bowlder bed and the pink sands (2 and 3) must represent an inter- 

 glacial period of sufficient length to allow of the long-continued and unin- 

 terrupted presence of a large lake or estuary, and to make this possiljle 

 the ice must have receded far north of this point in the valley. The 

 events of 4 to 7 indicate a second advance of the ice, with minor oscilla- 

 tions, during the last of which the end of the valley lobe of the glacier 

 was thrust out into the waters which then filled the valley and by which 

 the laminated clays were being deposited, while at the same time the 

 high terrace gravels were gathering along the shores, a work which on the 

 disappearance of the ice continued to the completion of the terrace. 



The discovery of isolated ^Jockets of glacial debris and disturbed 

 patches at various places in the clays farther south, which must be referred 

 to icebergs or ice floes (described in the following section on the Cham- 

 plain clays of the Iladley Lake), and of arctic plants also in the same 

 clays, completes the picture of the events of this time, and indicates that 

 the Champlain clays and sands were here in part synchronous with the 

 Glacial period. 



SECTION OF CLAYS IN HATFIELD SHOWING GREAT DISTURBANCE AND PRESSURE 



CLEAVAGE. 



About 3 miles northeast of the section last described (within the 

 same portion of the Connecticut Valley, bounded on the west by the crys- 

 talline rocks and on the east by the long ridge of Mount Warner, so that 

 it is in a sense a continuation of the Deerfield Valley), at the southern foot 

 of the red sandstone hill which rises north of the village of Hatfield, a 

 small opening was made in the clays, which reproduced exactly the upper 

 level of disturbance of the Camp Meeting section. The section was 33 

 feet east of the first house westward from the hotel on the first road south 

 from the ferry. 



