700 GEOLOGY OF OLD HAMPSHIRE COUNTY, MASS. 



abundance of concretions. They liaA'e been extensively ^^■ol•ked near the 

 asylum in Northampton, at Rich's brickyards east of Southampton, and at 

 Pomeroj-'s yards west of that town. 



They extend east from the river with the full width of the space between 

 Mount Holyoke and Mount Toby, rounding Mount Warner, and being very 

 near the surface in all the area south of Mount Warner to near the foot 

 of Mount Holyoke, where wells 81 feet deep (Mr. Shipman, Lawrence plain, 

 south of Hadley) and 40 feet deep (A. Losey, Nuttinsville, Amherst) were 

 sunk in sand and tine gravel without reaching the base of the sands. 



Over the bottom of the central depression the clays, being near the 

 surface, are often sandy. The clay is worked for bricks at Plainville 

 (north of Hadley) ; and in the bottom of the depression, where Amity street 

 crosses the brook, it was formerly worked. Near by, at Mr. Stebbins's 

 barn, a well went through the following: 



Feet. 



Fine sand 2 



Clay - 7 



Sandy clay 13 



At Mr. S. Harrington's, in North Amherst, a well 90 feet dee}) did not 

 reach the bottom of the clay. 



The clays rise high up on the slope of the Amherst ridge and thin out 

 under the shore gravels. They are cut through by all wells along the 

 slope below, 246 feet above the sea, and reached their greatest observed 

 height in the col between the central depression and the basin south of 

 College Hill, where they were exposed by the Central Railroad cutting 

 from the bridge at Main street east to the end of the cutting, with a maxi- 

 mum height of 260 feet above sea. (See p. 645.) These clays thicken out 

 east into the land-locked basin south of College Hill, where in Champlain 

 time they accumulated to great thickness, with little covering of sand. 



In the East Street basin the clays were also developed to great thick- 

 ness, and over all the area south of the road to Pelliam lie very near the 

 surface. At the third house east of the bridge on this road (Mr. Hubbard's) 

 a well was bored 50 feet in clay covered by 8 feet of sand, and the water 

 rises to within 2 feet of the surface. In a well on the south side of the same 

 road near the middle of East Street (Mr. Clutia's) this section was exposed: 



Feet. 



Fine sand 7 



Clay 23 



Fine quicUsauil 3 



Till 3 



