200 Dr. A. G. Butler—A Revision of the 
The dry phase of this species loses all the defined brown 
belts from the under surface of the secondaries, which become 
almost uniformly lilacine grey traversed by brownish lines. 
The bands above are rather pale buff than pale brown, as 
Felder-describes them. 
11. Precis cenia. 
Junonia cenia, Hiibner, Samml. exot. Schmett. ii. pl. xxxii. (1816-24). 
Wet phase.—Texas, Bermudas. B. M. 
Intermediate phase.—California. B. M. 
Dry phase.—California and Bermudas. B. M. 
In the driest phase the under surface of the secondaries is 
rosy clay-coloured. 
There is generally no difficulty in distinguishing this at a 
glance from P. evarete, on account of the great disproportion 
in the size of the ocelli on the secondaries, but the white inner 
border to the posterior ocellus on the primaries is a still more 
reliable character ; the secondaries on the under surface differ 
considerably in the two species, the ground-colour being much 
darker in P. evarete, the wet phase showing a defined straight 
pale band across the middle, sharply defined ocelli, and pale 
external area. 
The species of the succeeding group are nearly related, 
and consequently have generally been confounded, even such 
experienced entomologists as Messrs. de Nicéville and F. Moore 
having failed to note the distinctions which separate the 
Chinese P. orithya from the Indian P. Swinhoet. ‘The differ- 
ences of all the forms, which appear to be locally constant, 
are such as are nowadays frequently regarded as subspecific ; 
it is, however, as already observed, impossible to define the 
exact amount of constant difference which is required to indi- 
cate whether a separate evolution be regarded as a species or 
a subspecies, so I separate all these constantly differing forms 
as species. 
12. Precis orithya. 
Papilio orithya, Linneus, Mus. Lud. Ulr. p. 278 (1764). 
Junonia Leechi, Alpheraky, Rom. Mém., Lép. ix. p. 103 (1897). 
Western and Northern China, Foo Chow, Hong Kong, 
Hainan, Formosa, Madjico Sima, Loo-Choo. B. M 
The Chinese insect is, as a rule, larger than the Indian one, 
the males show burely a trace of the blue patch at external angle 
of the primaries above, the outer border is less suffused with 
blue and frequently shows no trace of this suffusion, whereas 
in P. Swinhoer this suffusion is rarely absent; the ocelli on 
